關於《長生殿》全本工尺譜的印行本

Editions of the Full Score for Changsheng dian

吳新雷(Xin-Lei Wu)

《戲曲學報》 1期 (2007/06) Pp. 123-136

https://doi.org/10.7020/JTCT.200706.0123

摘要

清代《長生殿》全本工尺譜印行於世的有兩種，第一種是乾隆五十四年(1789)文人馮起鳳訂定的《吟香堂長生殿曲譜》，只錄曲文，不載科白，是專供清唱用的清宮譜；第二種是晚清全福班藝人殷溎深傳承的《長生殿曲譜》，曲白俱全，走民間藝人結合舞臺實際適應登場演唱的戲宮譜。經過兩相比較，可以看出殷傳本走崑班的臺本，在曲調的旋律上是有變化發展的，而且對《長生殿》原著冗長的套曲進行了刪節調整，目的是爲了適合登臺演出。文中以〈定情〉、〈哭像〉和〈彈詞〉三出爲例，說明藝人適當的節略措施是經過長期舞臺實踐的二度創作，是值得稱許的。

關鍵字

工尺譜 ； 清宮譜 ； 戲宮譜 ； 臺本

並列摘要

There were two printed editions of the full score (工尺譜) for the Qing dynasty work Changsheng dian (長生殿). The first, representative of the qinggong pu (清宮譜) intended for use by vocalists, was edited by the scholar Feng Qifeng (馮起鳳) and published in 1789; it contained only the sung portions with no dialogue. The second, representative of the xigong pu (戲宮譜) used among private artists and recording what was actually performed on stage, was handed down by Yin Guishen (殷溎深), a member of the Quanfu Troupe (全福班), during the Tate Qing and contains both the sung and spoken portions. A comparison of these two editions shows that Yin edition is a stage edition (臺本) situated within the kunqu (崑) tradition, with the original diao (調) and melodies changed accordingly and the lengthy set pieces of the original shortened and otherwise reworked in order to adapt them to stage performance. Taking the three sections Dingqing (定情), Kuxiang (哭像), and the Tanci (彈詞) as example, we show that the adjustments made by the artists were the result of repeated stage performances and can he seen as secondary creations in their own right worthy of our appreciation.

並列關鍵字

Score ； qinggong pu ； xigong pu ； stage edition

參考文獻

清馮起鳳。吟香堂曲譜·長生殿曲譜。

清葉堂、王秋桂主編(1987)。善本戲曲叢刊，第六輯。臺灣:學生書局。

清王錫純、清李秀雲。遏雲閣曲譜。

清殷溎深。長生殿曲譜。

中國藝術研究院戲曲研究所(1957)。中國古典戲曲論著集成，共十集。北京:中國戲劇出版社。