一脈相承五百年－《荔鏡記荔枝記四種》明清刊本彙編出版概述

The Same Strain for Five Hundred Years: Lijing ji Lizhi ji sizhong, an Overview of the Compilation and Publication of Its Ming and Qing Editions

鄭國權(Guo-Quan Zheng)

《戲曲學報》 6期 (2009/12) Pp. 17-34

https://doi.org/10.7020/JTCT.200912.0017

摘要

本文緣於泉州近年從民間發現一部刊刻于清道光辛卯年的《荔枝記》戲文，它與從日本、英國徵集來的明嘉靖《荔鏡記》、清順治《荔枝記》，和從法國複製來的清光緒《荔支記》，形成了一個系列，搬演的同是著名的梨園戲《陳三五娘》。這四部明清刊本，一脈相承五百年，傳承中雖有所變化，但不曾間斷，而且還派生出一百多首弦管曲目一直在民間中傳唱，充分顯示其強大的生命力。這種以動態和靜態並行的傳承方式，在中國戲劇史上是很獨特的，很珍貴的，具有多方面的意義。泉州地方戲曲研究社決定把這四部刊本的書影連同點校本彙編爲一部書（一函四冊），準備正式出版。其主編撰寫此文，概述四部刊本不平凡的來歷，及其重要的歷史意義和文化價值。

關鍵字

荔鏡記 ； 荔枝記 ； 陳三五娘 ； 梨園戲 ； 簡體漢字 ； 閩南方言

並列摘要

A text of Lizhi ji (The Tale of Lichee) printed in the year of Xinmao during the Emperor Daoguang reign (r. 1821-1850) of the Qing dynasty was found in Quanzhou in recent years. Its content forms a lineage with Lijing ji (The Tale of Lichee and the Mirror) printed during the reign of Emperor Jiajing of the Ming dynasty, collected from Japan, and Lizhi ji (The Tale of Lichee) printed during the reign of Emperor Shunzhi of the Qing dynasty, collected from the United Kingdom, as well as Lichih ji (The Tale of Lichih) printed during the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing dynasty, copied from France. They all present the very same famous opera Chen San and Wu Niang. These four plays of the Ming and Qing editions became a series with its strain passing on for five hundred years, during which changes were made but it never stopped. Further, derived from this line of transmission were more than one hundred string and wind instrument repertoires performed in folk music with strong vitality. This form of succession with both dynamic and static parallel was unique and valuable, containing multifaceted meanings in the history of Chinese drama. The Local Drama Research Society in Quanzhou decided to publish this series combing copies of the four editions, proofreading, and notes (a set for 4 volumes), and is now ready to press. It is for this occasion the chief editor of this series now writes this article to outline the unusual origins as well as the historical significance and cultural values of these four editions.

並列關鍵字

Lijing ji ； Lizhi ji ； Chen San and Wu Niang ； Liyuan Opera ； Simplified Chinese ； Taiwanese dialect