當代歌仔戲音樂轉變現象之探討

觀察當代戲曲演出生態，傳統戲曲為因應現代觀眾審美需求，廣泛吸收年輕及大眾族群之觀賞層面，各劇團在演出展現上，以有別於傳統演出型態，而以推陳出新的面貌呈現。歌仔戲在其發展過程中，吸收成熟劇種之精華，採用唱片流行歌曲，在「皇民化」時期產生了多元性融合的現象；同一時期，閩南歌仔戲藝人們亦對其唱腔做改革，隨著科技的發展，衍生出廣播、電影、電視等新載體的歌仔戲。觀察當代歌仔戲的演出現象，兩岸歌仔戲音樂創作者，為因應演出主題及其劇團特色，其音樂風格亦隨之轉變，劇團演員與音樂設計亦隨著時代的改變，發揮兼容並蓄的包容性與順應市場機制的商業性，亦成就其獨有的劇種性特質。眾所皆知，語言與音樂是區別中國地方劇種的主要因素，無論當代戲曲如何以現代化、多元化的型態呈現，對於本劇種音樂特色的保存，是從事戲曲音樂工作者所必須掌握的，切不可脫離原劇種的特質，秉持「形變質不變」的原則，在傳統的新思維中，保存劇種音樂特色做為編創的基礎，尋求本劇種的藝術價值與發展機制。

關鍵字

歌仔戲；當代戲曲；劇種音樂

並列摘要

If you watch the situation of the modern Chinese drama performance status today, you will find that in order to absorb more young audiences and public, theses drama troupe have started to emerge some new appearance which are different to the old school, to conform the modern esthetic needs. In the development process, the Taiwanese Opera absorbed the nutrient from those mature drama and the pop music from the record, created a phenomenon of multiple fusion during the years of ＂The Kominka Movement＂. At the same time, those Minnan actors of Taiwanese Opera also reformed the singing tune, and developed into lots of new styles along with the improvement of technology, such as broadcast, movie and TV. Observed the performing phenomenon of the modern Taiwanese Opera, can find that those Taiwanese Opera music creators in Taiwan and China have started to change their music styles to correspond the change of the topic and features of their troupes. At the same time, the features that the actors and the design of the music can change with time, showing the tolerance and the commercial nature to conform the market, which are also another unique characteristic that create what it is. As everyone's know, langue and music are the main factor that separate the species of different Chinese local drama, no matter how much the modern Chinese drama become modern and multiple, when it comes to the preserve of their own features saving, is the most important thing that all the creators have to insist. Do not break away from the nature, hold the principle of ＂Change the appearance not the nature＂, keep the music features of the drama as the base of design, searching the art value from their own drama and the Development mechanism.