Japanese gave indigenous people new educational institutions and activities, also imposed Japanese national consciousness into indigenous people's minds by the assimilative education. To accept Japanese education for indigenous people was a new experience. When indigenous people were implanted national consciousness by the Japanese education, in the same time, they also were evoked ethnic consciousness. That is to say that when indigenous people with Japanese educational experience learned national constitutes, and they also learned to define ethnicity. The research will be trying to inquire how Japanese colonists to form national consciousness by colonial education, the origin of ethnicity of Taiwan indigenous people in Japanese colonial period, and the relation of coexist and confrontation between national consciousness and ethnic consciousness.