中國傳統醫家的醫德考察

The Investigation about Medical Ethics of Traditional Chinese Medical Physicians

劉國平(Guo-Ping Liou)

《大葉大學通識教育學報》 4期 (2009/11) Pp. 1-25

摘要

本文考察二十五史列傳、官志、醫史、醫話及傳統醫學相關文獻中有關醫家對於患者之心態、醫療行為與主張，以探究中國傳統醫家醫德之內涵，並依時代先後排列，以略見其發展。有關醫德之內涵本文歸納為五點：「心存仁義，志存救濟，寶貴生命價值」；「先知儒理，後知醫業，要求醫術兼修」，「平待病患，樂義輕財，加意弱勢關懷」；「至意深心，謹慎將事，重視病患需求」；「自尊自重，勿傷勿害，講究醫病和諧」。此五項內容與西方生命與醫學倫理之四原則－「切勿傷害，病患自主，病患利益、公平正義」大抵若合符節，惟在「病患自主」項上稍顯薄弱。期望本文之考察，能於苦難的病痛世界中，作為現代醫家之人文明鏡，以脫困救苦，躋斯民於衽席之上。在學術上也希望能呈現中國醫家醫德之內涵與演進的輪廓，並在此基礎上，繼續深入探究中國傳統醫家人文關懷之特質與殊勝；中國傳統醫家之出身與來歷；中國傳統醫家人文關懷晚振之原因及明清醫家人文關懷之論燦然大備之故。

關鍵字

人文關懷 ； 醫德 ； 孫思邈 ； 傳統醫學 ； 醫學倫理 ； 醫家

並列摘要

For understanding traditional Chinese medical ethics, this paper studied the related documents about the doctors' attitude, medical treatment, and opinions towards patients from the annals, history, commentary, and literature of traditional Chinese medicine.
About medical ethics' findings, there are five points:
At first, have justice and humanity. The doctors must think of saving others wholeheartedly, and respect the value of life. And the second, the doctors must understands Confucianism before understands medicine knowledge. Besides, they must have professional techniques and morals. Third, treat patients fairly and care about the minority groups specially. Then, careful treatment and respect the demands of patients. Finally, respect for ourselves to respect others. In other words, pursues the harmony between doctors and patients.

並列關鍵字

humanism ； medical morality ； sun ssu miao ； traditional chinese medicine ； medical ethics ； chinese medical physicians

參考文獻

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