從「異化」「歸化」翻譯策略檢視我國國軍之視域走向

Horizon of the ROC Military from Perspectives of Foreignization and Domestication

周茂林(Andrew M. L. Chou)

《編譯論叢》 2卷2期 (2009/09) Pp. 37-63

https://doi.org/10.29912/CTR.200909.0002

摘要

譯者對於「異化」與「歸化」翻譯手段之選擇不但反映出不同的視域，也襯托出讀者的價值期待，而代表我國國軍戰略視野之國防譯粹月刊，在市場干擾因素相對較小下，特有視域之趨勢尤為明顯。本研究從語言心理學的角度透過內容分析法分析國防譯粹月刊「異化」與「歸化」翻譯手段所表現之訊息系統，藉以比較二十年來（1988年與2008年兩階段）國軍軍官視域之變化。全文計分三大部分。第一部分探討「異化」、「歸化」、「零翻譯」等翻譯策略，並簡介國防譯粹月刊之背景與意義；第二部分按內容分析法之研究設計，擷取國防譯粹月刊兩階段共146（75+71）篇譯文，蒐集3,093個英譯中詞彙後加以分類並製作量表；第三部分就國軍戰略視野之趨勢演變進行分析。研究顯示國軍的戰略視野二十年來出現了從「異化」走向「歸化」之樣式，舉凡戰略、戰術、哲學、武器裝備方面均從原有的「異化」策略轉向「歸化」，即使唯一例外的管理用語，屬於極度「異化」策略之零翻譯也出現下滑。基於這項發現，作者於結論部分除檢驗時下「異化」、「歸化」之論證外，更提出了「過度依賴著歸化之詮釋策略，國家是不是仍然跳脫不出當年張之洞『中學為體，西學為用』的建軍漩渦？」之質疑。

關鍵字

異化策略 ； 歸化策略 ； 零翻譯 ； 國防譯粹月刊

並列摘要

The translation options of foreignization or domestication, two main translation strategies, not only reflect the attitude of the translator but also influence reader value systems. The ＂National Defense Digest＂, a monthly periodical collecting translated works by the Ministry of Defense, Republic of China, is not an exception to this trend. Adopting a content analysis approach with two variables - foreignization and domestication, this research explores data collected from two phases (referring to the lap of six months each in 1988 and 2008) with a purpose of understanding the transition of attitudes so far as the military establishment of the ROC is concerned. Structurally, the paper is divided into three sections. Section 1 will review key terms including domestication, foreignization, and zero translation, and gives a brief on the cultural background of ＂National Defense Digest＂ that can be justified as one representation of views held by the military establishment in Taiwan. Section 2 explores 146 translated articles with 3,039 English-to-Chinese translated terms for assessment. Section 3 analyzes the transition of attieudes in the military establishment over the past twenty years. It is found that there has been a significant tranfer of translated terms from foreignization to domestication in categories such as ＂strategies＂, ＂tactics＂, ＂philosophical thinking＂, and ＂weaponry＂. The only exception is the ＂management＂ category. The paper concludes that overusing domestication strategies in translated works in the ＂National Defense Digest＂ may reflect a selfcentered attitude in a global context. It may also imply that the armed forces in Taiwan remain stuck at a vortex with a mindset to ＂borrow from the West to justify core values,＂ the same as one hundred years ago.

並列關鍵字

domestication ； foreignization ； zero translation ； ＂National Defense Digest＂

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周茂林()。