遮蔽自我的「症候」表達－論吳爾芙的家傳小說《到燈塔去》

The Symptomatic Expression of Self-A Study of Woolf's Family-Biographic Novel "To the Lighthouse"

易曉明(Xiao-Ming Yi)

《文化越界》 1卷5期 (2011/03) Pp. 41-72

https://doi.org/10.30405/CCS.201103_1(5).0002

摘要

《到燈塔去》是以家傳為原型的小說。該作品沒有直接描寫家庭的歷史，而是對父母形象進行了種種印象化處理，同時還設置了一些轉換性表達，從而使該小說呈現出有意或無意的「症候」表達風格。所謂「症候」，是指心理上最隱秘的部分被有意識地通過象徵、隱喻、轉換符碼等間接表達，或者被壓縮、刪節、濃縮於文本中。本文通過還原吳爾芙的家事原型，探討《到燈塔去》中將自我遮蔽起來的種種症候表達之所在，同時揭示出這種表達的功用，即在避開自我與家事公開的同時，作者又釋放了自己對父親負疚的真實心結，寫出了心中的父親母親形象。這一寫法也體現了吳爾芙寫作的非個人化傾向，使該作品內容從描寫父親母親而昇華為對男人與女人關係的探討，意義廣泛。

關鍵字

《到燈塔去》 ； 新傳記 ； 症候表達

並列摘要

”To the Lighthouse” is a novel based upon its author's family-biography. Without writing about the family history directly, but by an impressionistic presentation of the parental images as well as some transformational process, this novel displays, either intentionally or accidentally, a style of symptomatic expression. The so-called ”symptom” refers to that one's most occult inner recess is indirectly expressed through a deliberate employment of symbols, metaphors, and other transformational codes, or, is compressed, abridged, or condensed into a text. This paper, by revelation of the archetypes of Woolf's family-biography, probes into the symptomatic expression in ”To the Lighthouse”. This expression gives to the author a freedom to release her guilt towards her father and then to present the parental images in her mind while keeping unpublicized the family affairs and herself as well. Perhaps more importantly, such expression embodies an impersonal style of Woolf's writing, which functions to elevate the novel from a mere description of father and mother to a profound exploration of the relationship between men and women.

並列關鍵字

"To the Lighthouse" ； New Biography ； symptomatic expression