從憲法正當法律程序談刑事訴訟法之基礎原理～由美日法制初探犯罪嫌疑人之基本權保障

刑事訴訟法乃為具體實現國家刑罰權，而多所涉及國民基本權干預之國家權力作用，從憲法角度應遵守正當法律程序的程序法規範。刑事訴訟之運作既然本質上是侵害或限制國民基本權的國家權力作用，則基於憲法正當法律程序之保障的觀點，針對此等國家權力作用之運作，即應從正當法律程序之法規範出發，加以約束而為適當規範。本文即擬藉正當程序之保障的核心精神，就刑事訴訟法之基礎原理予以考察，期能呈現刑事訴訟法的規範體系，並藉其規範內容的簡要檢討，期能對刑事訴訟法的規範體系賦予展望。

關鍵字

刑事訴訟法之獨自性；基本權干預；基本權保障；正當法律程序；無罪推定；公平審判

並列摘要

The Criminal Procedure Act is the procedure norm which regulate concrete realization of the national penal power, which is the national public power that involving the intervention of people's fundamental rights, so that it should comply with Due Process of Law under the Constitutional Law. The operation of criminal procedure essentially is the national penal power, which will violate or restrict people's fundamental rights. It should be properly regulate these national public power based on the constitutional guarantee of Due Process of Law. This article intends to inspect these fundamental principles of Criminal Procedure Law throughout the protection of Due Process of Law to highlight the framework of Criminal Procedure Law, and inspect its actual content , hoping to give prospect on the system of Criminal Procedure Law.