美日經驗看台灣高齡進階護理師角色的發展

Development of Gerontological Advanced Practice Nurses in Taiwan: From Experiences of the America and Japan

胡芳文(Fang-Wen Hu) ； 游詠晨(Yung-Chen Yu) ； 陳清惠(Ching-Huey Chen) ； 張家銘(Chia-Ming Chang)

《台灣老年醫學暨老年學雜誌》 12卷2期 (2017/05) Pp. 75-90

https://doi.org/10.29461/TGG.201705_12(2).0001

摘要

台灣社會快速老化，將引發政經社會等相關問題，其中高齡照護的需求將會因高齡者人口數量的激增與健康狀況變動而益顯迫切。高齡進階護理師的培育似乎刻不容緩，以期符合民眾與醫療照護需求。台灣的高等護理教育雖已蓬勃發展，但仍缺乏高齡相關的進階訓練，且在臨床上尚未有高齡進階護理師之角色。我們可借鏡美、日高齡進階護理師角色相關職責與發展歷程，但因台灣與美日兩國在社會、文化、政策與保險制度等有極大之差異，故不能全盤移植他國高齡進階護理師制度。本文將以進階護理師角色發展理論為架構，參酌美、日的發展經驗，配合我國民眾健康需求，論述我國高齡進階護理師應有的角色功能及培育機制。

關鍵字

高齡 ； 進階護理師 ； 角色

並列摘要

The rapid aging of Taiwan's population has brought about serious economic and social problems. Meeting the health care needs of the elderly in particular has become an urgent issue in light of the alarming increase in and the complicated health conditions of the aging population, and gerontological advanced practice nursing (APN) plays a crucial role in responding to this urgent issue. However, in spite of the vigorous development of nursing education in Taiwan, there is no system dedicated to training gerontological advanced practice nurses, whose presence is nowhere in sight in current clinical setting. The experiences of developing training systems for gerontological advanced practice nurses in Japan and the United States may be worth emulating with differences between Taiwan and the two countries in terms of culture, society, health policy, and health insurance system taken into careful consideration. Based on the theory of role development and consulting the experiences of Japan and the United States, this paper strives to explore the roles and functions of gerontological advanced practice nurses and provide suggestions for the development of a gerontological APN training system befitting Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

older adults ； advanced practice nurses ； role