結合FMEA技術與壽期成本分析於最佳化設備採購策略之研究

爲持續改善產品品質並達降低成本提高公司競爭力，本研究嘗試以最佳壽期成本(Life Cycle Cost, LCC) 來建立設備採購策略模式。失效模式與效應分析(Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, FMEA)是產業廣泛應用之故障要因解析手法，一連結失效效應成本值的FMEA修改表將被用來收集資料，以建立設備失效模式與成本效應分析的主要架構，並展現估計之設備失效成本、效應嚴重度與改善措施等的攸關訊息。除傳統採購考量之購置成本及殘值外，透過整合FMEA將與機器設備相關的產品失效來源量化爲成本，加計設備保養、使用、修護成本，完整估算機器設備的壽期成本，目的是降低所購置設備之整體壽期使用成本。本研究之主要貢獻是配合企業使用之設備失效模式與成本效應分析於決策應用，嘗試建構一個更完善成本考量的設備採購策略模式。最後，以某半導體產業個案之設備群來進行分析探討以驗證可行性與實用性並提供業界參考。

關鍵字

壽期成本；失效模式與效應分析；預防保養；採購策略

並列摘要

This research tries to establishes an optimum life cycle cost (LCC) based strategy model of equipments' purchasing and maintenance. The purpose is to provide a methodology for ”integrating supplier and manufacturer capabilities through a common goal-”cost-effective improvement” based on lowering the LCC of purchased equipments that mainly consists of the following elements: invested capital, maintenance, utilization, repairing, salvage. The study integrates the technique of failure modes and effect analysis (FMEA) and analysis of equipment maintenance cost to optimize LCC of equipments' decision in order to sustain and promote the firms' competitive capability. FMEA is a technique which emphasizes preventive rather than detection, discovering possible failure cause before finalization of product, equipment design and manufacturing. A revised FMEA table will be utilized to collect data and demonstrate the relevance among estimated failure cost, severity of effect and cost of actions-taken that constructs the main frame of the method, ”equipment failure mode and cost-effect analysis”. The major contribution of this study will be trying to construct an application of LCC decision model appropriate to enterprises using the method of equipment failure mode and cost-effect analysis which is developed from this study. Finally, this study uses an equipment group in assembly house of Semiconductor as a case study to prove the model's applicability and suitability.