利用FMEA於新設產線工程招標選商最佳化決策模式之研究

A Study by Using FMEA on Optimal Decision Model of Inviting Bids for a Project of New Production Line

楊憲忠(Hsien-Chung Yang)

指導教授 ： 陳啟政

國立屏東科技大學/管理學院/企業管理系所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2009.00023

摘要

新設產線專案工程，其工程範圍寬廣、技術領域專精，且建造費用龐大，而完成後生產線的運轉性能與生產績效對企業公司的獲利更是影響深遠。因此，在執行專案工程時，從一開始的正確選商，就顯得格外重要。企業公司招標選商之決選過程中，為了降低投資費用及避免爭議，大都會以〝最低報價〞的方式進行決標。一旦選擇了承攬廠商，對得標承攬廠商現有的能力、可投入資源的完備程度及其運作系統都不是很瞭解的情況下，企業公司因而面臨極大的不確定、不可追溯的風險。利用失效模式與效應分析之理論與手法，將工程招標選商過程中所面臨的不確定因素或風險加以量化，建構一套最佳化決策模式，以有效降低因為招標選商的決策問題可能帶來不可預期的失敗結果。工程招標的選商過程，其最佳化的決策模式不是以〝最低標價〞為決定因子，而是必須再加上建置過程中及保固期間的失效成本的〝最低期望總成本〞來決定工程執行的合作夥伴。透過此最佳化決策模式，可以優化招標決策系統，降低企業公司〝決策的不公正〞行為。同時，企業在招標選商的決策上，以〝最低期望總成本〞的觀念，選擇專案工程的執行夥伴，更提供企業界一個〝整體思維〞的觀念模式，引領上至層峰的決策，乃下至員工的工作方式與作為，均能思考如何達成〝整體最低期望總成本〞為努力的目標。

關鍵字

失效模式與效應分析 ； 專案工程 ； 最佳化決策模式

並列摘要

A Project for newly-installed production line equips with wide engineering scope, special and precise technology, as well as huge construction cost; even more, the operation performance and production achievement after completeness of the project will deeply impact on the profit of the company, therefore, it seems extremely important from the first beginning to choose the correct partner to carry out the project. In order to reduce the investment cost and avoid dispute, companies to decide the contractor for the inviting bids, mostly carry on the award of bidding by ' the lowest bidding price '. Once awarded, the existing abilities equipped with, resources being invested and system being performed by the contractor is not very realized to the company. In such a situation, the company will face great uncertainty and irretraceable risk. By using the theory and tactics of Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA), to construct an optimal decision model of inviting bids through quantifying uncertainty and risk is the effective way to minimize the unpredictable results of the decision making for inviting bids. The key factor of optimal decision model of inviting bids is ' minimum expectancy of the total cost ' instead of only ' the lowest bidding price ' to the award by appending failure cost in addition occurred during construction and guarantee period of a project. Through this optimal decision model, it is expected to optimize the system of inviting bids of the company, and diminish ' inequity of making decision ' during bidding. Meanwhile, by applying the concept of ' minimum expectancy of the total cost ' to decide the contractor, it can offer an ' integral thinking ' idea/model for enterprise employees from head managers while making decision, to staffs with way of working and managing as a guidance of thinking how to achieve the goal of ' minimum expectancy of the total cost for all the events'.

並列關鍵字

Failure Mode and Effects Analysis(FMEA) ； Project ； Optimal Decision Model

參考文獻

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