屏東縣國小學童菸害知識、態度、社會環境因素與吸菸行為之相關探討

Knowledge, Attitude, Social Environmental Factors Associated with Smoking Behavior among Primary Schoolchildren in Pin-Tung County

許原榕(Yuan-Jung Hsu) ； 楊振宇(Chen-Yu Yang) ； 嚴雅音(Yea-Yin Yen) ； 陳志章(Chih-Chang Chen) ； 陳富莉(Fu-Li Chen) ； 蔡文玲(Wen-Ling Tsai) ； 林碧莉(Pi-Li Lin) ； 林雅瑩(Ya-Ying Lin) ； 柯惠玲(Hwei-Ling Ko) ； 黃曉靈(Hsiao-Ling Huang)

《Taiwan Journal of Oral Medicine Sciences》 26卷2期 (2010/08) Pp. 106-119

https://doi.org/10.7059/TJOMS.201008.0106

摘要

目的：研究探討屏東縣國小學童的菸害知識、態度及社會環境因素（含家人、同儕吸菸行為）對其吸菸行為之相關影響。
方法：研究對象為屏東縣97學年度就讀於國小3-6年級的學童，以多步驟集束抽樣，學校為單位進行抽樣，共選取26所小學，取得有效樣本2416份。其中男性學童1249份、女性學童1167份，回收率98%。以多變項邏輯斯迴歸模式分析知識、態度及社會環境因素與國小學童吸菸行為之相關。
結果：研究結果顯示相較於女性學童，男性學童有較高的曾經吸菸行為盛行率（分別為男性17.58%及女性9.14%）。經調整潛在性干擾因素後，邏輯斯迴歸分析顯示男性學童在知識變項呈現顯著的為「在空氣清新的戶外吸菸，就不必擔心危害身體健康」(Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)=1.59)，但女性學童皆無顯著。態度變項男性學童有顯著的分別為「吸菸會解除寂寞」(AOR=1.94)、「吸菸會使人看起來更帥」(AOR=3.37)、「大家都喜歡跟吸菸的人在一起」(AOR=3.71)、「父母可以在小孩面前吸菸」(AOR=2.69)；女性學童則為「吸菸是快樂的」(AOR=4.40)、「大家都喜歡跟吸菸的人在一起」(AOR=4.88)。在社會環境因素中，家人、學校人士及好朋友吸菸狀況皆顯著影響男性學童吸菸行為(AOR=1.93, 2.99, 5.86)；女性學童則受同儕影響(AOR=9.82)。
結論：相較於女性學童，男性學童有較低的知識得分，對吸菸有較正向態度，較易受社會環境影響其吸菸行為。建議政府及教育單位於推廣防治青少年吸菸之介入時，應由國小階段開始實施。尤其是男性學童，宜加強菸害知識的提昇，導正態度，以杜絕其吸菸起始行為發生。

關鍵字

菸害知識 ； 態度 ； 社會環境因素 ； 吸菸行為 ； 學童

並列摘要

Compare to girls, boys have lower knowledge score, higher positive attitude toward smoking, were more likely to be influenced by family and close friends who smoke. The finding suggests the government should implement the tobacco control education on elementary students, in particularly to strengthen male pupil's knowledge.
Conclusion:
The ever-smoking behavior prevalence was higher in boys than girls (17.5% vs. 9.14%). After adjustment for other variables, logistic regression shows that only one knowledge item was significant on boys: 'When smoking with fresh air outdoors, we can't worry about harming our health' (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)=1.59) and no significant variables were observed on girls In the part of attitude variables, four items significant on boy's smoking behavior are: 'Loneliness will relieve by smoking', 'Smoking will make people look handsome', 'Everyone likes to get along with people who smoke, and Parents can smoke in front of children' (AOR=1.94, 3.37, 3.71 and 2.69, respectively) and two items show significant on girls including 'It is happy to smoke', and 'Everyone likes to get along with people who smoke' (AOR=4.40 and 4.88, respectively). In the social environmental factors, family smoked, people in the school and close friends smoked were significant factors on boy's ever-smoking behavior (AOR=1.93, 2.99 and 5.86, respectively); whereas only close friends show significant on girls (AOR=9.82)。
Results:
We used the multistage cluster sampling to obtain a representative sample of third to sixth grade students in 2008 in Pin-Tung County (n=2416), including 1249 boys and 1167 girls Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to explore the related factors on smoking behavior.
Methods:
To assess the relationship of tobacco-related knowledge, attitude toward smoking, social environment factors, and smoking behavior among primary school students in Pin-Tung County.
Aims:
To assess the relationship of tobacco-related knowledge, attitude toward smoking, social environment factors, and smoking behavior among primary school students in Pin-Tung County.
Methods:
We used the multistage cluster sampling to obtain a representative sample of third to sixth grade students in 2008 in Pin-Tung County (n=2416), including 1249 boys and 1167 girls Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to explore the related factors on smoking behavior.
Results:
The ever-smoking behavior prevalence was higher in boys than girls (17.5% vs. 9.14%). After adjustment for other variables, logistic regression shows that only one knowledge item was significant on boys: 'When smoking with fresh air outdoors, we can't worry about harming our health' (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)=1.59) and no significant variables were observed on girls. In the part of attitude variables, four items significant on boy's smoking behavior are: 'Loneliness will relieve by smoking', 'Smoking will make people look handsome', 'Everyone likes to get along with people who smoke, and Parents can smoke in front of children' (AOR=1.94, 3.37, 3.71 and 2.69, respectively) and two items show significant on girls including 'It is happy to smoke', and 'Everyone likes to get along with people who smoke' (AOR=4.40 and 4.88, respectively). In the social environmental factors, family smoked, people in the school and close friends smoked were significant factors on boy's ever-smoking behavior (AOR=1.93, 2.99 and 5.86, respectively); whereas only close friends show significant on girls (AOR=9.82)。
Conclusion:
Compare to girls, boys have lower knowledge score, higher positive attitude toward smoking, were more likely to be influenced by family and close friends who smoke. The finding suggests the government should implement the tobacco control education on elementary students, in particularly to strengthen male pupil's knowledge.

並列關鍵字

tobacco knowledge ； attitude ； social environment ； smoking behavior ； schoolchildren