普普雕塑的全球在地化－探朱銘市民木雕的人間性

A Study of Pop Sculpture Glocalization in the Human Condition of Ju Ming's Wood Carving Citizen Series

曾長生(Chang-Sheng Tseng)

《雕塑研究》 9期 (2013/03) Pp. 107-143

摘要

朱銘是個人人耳熟能詳的美術雕塑專家。「朱銘美術館」裡，到處陳列著朱銘的精心傑作，而這充滿創意的美術館，正位於雲霧繚繞、風景優美的金山山區。朱銘生於窮苦人家，從小就不喜愛讀書，母親只好送他去學雕刻、藝術的地方。當朱銘知道母親的苦衷之後，便更發憤向上，努力向師傅李金川學習雕刻。在他十九歲時，就成了雕刻工藝品的大師，然而他對自己的作品並不滿意。希望能突破作品的他，在三十歲那年，又拜了雕塑家楊英風為師，他從掃地、泡茶重新做起，時常觀摩老師雕塑的技巧，沉浸在大師的風範中。在隨著楊老師學習的過程中，楊老師曾經說過：「藝術應該要求新的內涵，新的精神表達。」這句話被朱銘牢牢的記在腦海裡。於是，他放棄了精雕細鑿的雕刻風格，改以自然、簡單又樸實的刀法來呈現出自己的作品。西元1976年，朱銘以歷史人物、民間故事和帶著泥土的水牛為創作題材，這些作品，在國立歷史博物館展出時，造成了藝術界極大的轟動。雖然朱銘受到大家的肯定，但他仍想更進一步的突破，而不想當個只會雕刻關公、水牛的木匠，他不斷的摸索、嘗試，尋找新的創作主題。後來他在練太極拳的時，領悟到了太極哲理，他利用青銅鑄造了一尊尊的太極，表現出太極「以柔克剛」的氣派。這《太極系列》的作品曾在法國巴黎的梵登廣場矗立著，與羅浮宮的藝術精品相互輝映。朱銘的作品，不斷創新主題，也不斷將使用材料變化。他的見識、氣魄及專注於創造的神情，終於使他登上了雕塑藝術的高峰，成為享譽國際的藝術家。

關鍵字

朱銘 ； 市民木雕 ； 人間性 ； 普普雕塑 ； 全球在地化

並列摘要

Ju Ming is a popular art sculptor. ”The Ju Ming Museum”, in which Ju Ming's masterpieces display everywhere, is located in the mountainous areas of beautiful King Mt. Township. Ju Ming was born in poor family. For his no interest in study at school from an early age, her mother had to send him to learn sculpture and art. Knowing about his mother's difficulties, Ju Ming are determined with more effort to learn carving from Master Li Jinchuan. At the time he was 19 years old, as a familiar crafter in carved arts, but Ju Ming was not satisfied with his own works.Hoping to break through his skill of work , at the age of 30 years, Ju Ming thanks to sculptor Yang Ying-Fung as his teacher, and he starts again from the sweeping, tea-making in studio. He often immersed in the master techniques and styles by watching the teacher's manner to sculpture. In the learning process, teacher Yang once said to him: ”art should require new content, new spiritual expression”. This sentence is firmly keeping in Ju Ming's mind. Thus, he gave up his fine style of carving chisel, replacing it with a natural, simple manner and showed his works in simple cuts.In 1976, Ju created the historic personages, folk tales as his theme, and when these works with folk tales and Buffalo of the soil exhibited in the National Museum of history, great sensation caused the art community. Although Ju Ming was approving of everyone, he still wants to further breakthroughs. when Ju Ming didn't want to be just a carpenter of only carving Kuan Kung and Buffalo, he continued to explore experiment, looking for a new theme. Later he was learning Tai Chi philosophy from practicing the kungfu Tai Chi, and he created Tai Chi master by bronze casting, demonstrating Tai Chi ”soft over steel” style. The works of ”Tai Chi series” stands in van Gogh square of Paris, and reflect each other with Louvre art. Ju Ming's works are always innovative in themes, and continued trying in different materials. His insight, vision and spirit of concentration on creating, finally he got at the peak of sculpture creation, become a world-renowned artist.

並列關鍵字

Ju Ming ； Wood Carving Citizen Series ； Human Condition ； Pop Art ； Glocalization