遊憩區生態系統服務功能及其價值探討－以內洞老街、溫泉區為例

本研究目的旨在探討遊憩區之生態系統服務功能與價值，因此方法上以造訪鄰近內洞國家森林遊樂區之內洞老街、溫泉區的遊客為對象，透過問卷調查收集必要資料後，先以敘述統計彙整受訪者背景屬性、旅遊行為與資源評價，以及其對森林生態系統服務功能的看法；其次，利用t檢定與單因子變異數分析探討受訪者背景屬性對生態系統服務功能認知之差異情形；此外，亦應用皮爾森相關分析檢核資源評價、重遊意願與生態系統服務功能認知三者間之相關性；最後，透過非市場財貨評價法中的旅遊成本法，估計遊憩區的遊憩價值。研究結果顯示，本區是一個假日旅遊的好去處，然運輸工具、停車問題、道路維護值得重視；而遊客普遍認為遊憩區的遊憩資源具有相當價值，且有甚高的重遊意願，同時對森林生態系統服務功能有一定認知，故管理單位應維持此區正常營運以造福社會大眾；不同背景屬性遊客對於生態系統服務功能的認知具有不同的差異性，惟其背後隱含原因應進一步探究；資源評價、重遊意願、生態系統服務功能認知間具有若干相關性；整體遊憩價值的補償變量為1977.25元、對等變量為2018.21元，相較於相關研究並無極端現象，不過遊憩效益的評估會受諸多因素影響，值得後續研究注意。綜上所述，本研究所得結果確實有助於瞭解遊客旅遊行為、資源評價，及其對生態系統服務功能的認知狀況，而旅遊成本法的評估所得亦證實研究區確具遊憩價值，故可提供政府部門或管理單位作為政策擬定或經營管理上之參考。

關鍵字

生態系統服務功能；旅遊成本法；森林遊樂

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to explore the ecosystem services functions and value in recreation area. The investigated subjects are the travelers who visited the Neidong old street and hot spring area nearby Neidong national forest recreation area. After collecting necessary data via questionnaire survey, the background attributes, visiting behaviors, resource evaluations of the interviewees, as well as their views on forest ecosystem service function are firstly summarized by descriptive statistics. Secondly, independent t-test and one-way ANOVA, were used to investigate the differences of the respondents' background attributes in their cognitions of ecosystem service functions. The Pearson correlation analysis was also used to examine the relationships among resource evaluation, re-visiting intention, and cognition of ecosystem service function. Finally, via Travel Cost Method (TCM) in non-market financial evaluation approach, the author estimates recreation value of the recreation area. The results show that this area is a nice place for one-day trip, but transportation, parking problems, and road maintenance are worthy of attention. However, travelers generally consider that recreation resources in this area are quite valuable, have a high willingness to revisit, and they also have certain degrees of cognition toward forest ecosystem service functions. Therefore, the administrative units of this area should maintain the routine operations for benefiting the community. Although tourists from different background have different perceptions of ecosystem service functions, to the underlying reasons should be further explored. There are some correlations among resource evaluation, revisiting intention, and cognitions toward ecosystem service function. The compensating variation of entire recreation value is NT$1977.23 and the equivalent variation is NT$2018.21. Compared with the relevant research, there is no extreme phenomenon. However, the evaluation of recreation benefit will be affected by many factors, which is worth the attention of follow-up research. In sum, the results of this study did help to understand tourists travel behavior, resource evaluation, and its cognitive status of ecosystem services, and TCM to assess the confirmed it with leisure values in the study area. It could become a reference for related governmental units in making policies or managing.