聲納系統在海域定位測量上之應用

Application of Sonor System for Offshore Position Fixing

徐道中(Tao-Chung Hsu)

《地籍測量：中華民國地籍測量學會會刊》 9期 (1990/04) Pp. 80-109

https://doi.org/10.29609/YYWYLL.199004.0006

摘要

現代的聲納導航儀器，爲一種高精度水中定位系統，可以用於水道測量之體系中。測定位置之方法，係對潛在水中的感音位置爲參考標誌，測量傾斜距離及方向角，據以決定船之位置。本文基於長基線及短基線兩種方式之定位系統，應用三維座標向量及旋轉變換矩陣法，推出四種解算船位置之方法。此四種方法包括：深度－角度解法，距離－角度解法，距離－距離解法，以及最小二乘法平差解算。這些技術，可以精確地解算有人駕駛及無人駕駛的潛水艇位置之三維座標，海底地形圖測量，裝置海中鑽油平台及海底結構體，並可自動記錄及追踪測量資料，能夠圓滿的完成這些極其重要的測量工作。

並列摘要

Recent sonar navigation instrument is a highly accurate under-water position-determining system that can be used for hydrographic surveying system. The method of position fixing which measures the slant range and the direction angle to submersible acoustic position reference to determine vehicle position.Based on two basic types of system of the long-baseline and short-baseline, four methods soluting the vehile position are derived by three-dimensional coordinate vector and the matrix of rotation transformation. They include depth-angle solution, range-angle solution, range-range solution, and adjustment of least square method. These techniques, ability of accurately soluting the location of manned/unmanned submersible vehicles in three-dimensional coordinate, undersea topographic mapping, installation platform and structure in the ocean, and record track and survey data are vital to successful survey.