游泳生物力學理論與應用

游泳競賽是各國均努力藉由科學化訓練促進選手運動表現以提昇競賽水平的主要項目之一。而游泳的技術動作中與運動生物力學最為相關，因此本文將透過生物力學分析游泳專項技術與其動作效率等議題。因為游泳運動與陸上運動差異甚大，整個運動過程皆被水介質包圍，所以對流體的認知是為當前之鑰。流體環境中重要的影響要素包含：流體阻力、流體昇力、游泳推進力；藉由對於流體環境的特徵認知，透過加速節奏與游泳技術及效率之認知以減少水組提升游泳推進力，提升整競技運動表現。

關鍵字

游泳；流體力學；阻力；推進力

並列摘要

Competitive swimming is a major international sport with countries all around the world that are committed to the application of scientific training to enhance athletic performance. Sports biomechanics is closely related to the technical aspects of swimming; and therefore, this paper utilizes biomechanical analysis to elucidate the factors that influence skills in swimming and their applications to efficient movement. Because swimming differs greatly from general terrestial movements, the entire movement is surrounded by the water medium, so fluid cognition is of primary significance. The important biomechanical characteristics of the fluid environment include: fluid resistance, fluid lift, and propulsion. It is essential to have an optimal understanding of the environmental characteristics of water, in addition to efficient swimming skill cognition, and employ an optimal mechanical acceleration pattern in order to reduce water resistance and effectively increase water propulsion.