Legitimation and Licensing Exam of Traditional Chinese Medicine

已開發國之中醫合法化與證照考試制度

葉美玲(Mei-Ling Yeh) ； 林宜信(I-Hsin Lin) ； 陳靜修(Ching-Hsiu Chen) ； 陳興夏(Hsing-Hsia Chen)

《醫護科技期刊》 12卷1期 (2010/03) Pp. 1-13

https://doi.org/10.6563/TJHS.2010.12(1).1

摘要

目的：本文旨在探討美國、加拿大、德國、英國、澳大利亞等已開發國家之中醫合法化與證照考試制度的發展與現況。
方法：研究方法採用描述性研究法分析內容，首先選用常用資料庫MEDLINE與Google搜尋引擎，以系統性方式進行2000年至2008年資料收集、依照所建立之搜尋策略、步驟，篩選與主題、關鍵字相關之文章，最後MEDLINE 14篇；Google 60筆。總而進行內容彙整與分析。
結果：美國各州的傳統／互補醫學之法規與證照考試制度不同；加國有四省須通過考試並取得師證照才能執業；德國與英國針灸執業者多爲西醫師；澳大利亞維州立法使中醫師證照合法並獲得與西醫相同的法律保護。
結論：本研究結果提供所分析已開發國家之中醫法規與證照之現況，能爲政策之參酌並增進傳統／互補醫學之認識與進一步國際發展之準備。建議未來進一步調查分析其他國家暨其他類別之傳統／互補醫學發展現況。

關鍵字

合法化 ； 認證考試 ； 傳統中醫學 ； 傳統／互補醫學

並列摘要

Aim: This study investigates the legitimation and licensing exam for practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the United States (US), Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom (UK), and Australia via a literature review with content analysis.
Methods: This study employed a systematic description and analysis. First, this work used MEDLINE and Google to systematically collect and compile data during 2000 to 2008. Articles were screened based on the search method and steps. The collected data was subjected to content analysis.
Results: Fourteen articles from MEDLINE and 60 identified via Google were collected and analyzed. The analytical results revealed that multi-category certifications and examinations of TCM exist in the US, and four provinces in Canada allow the performance of TCM or acupuncture with required licenses. Additionally, most acupuncture practitioners are physicians in Germany and the UK, and statutory legislation protects TCM practitioners and provides them with the same rights as physicians in Australia.
Conclusion: The study provides information on statutory regulation and licensing examination of TCM based on analysis from developed countries, which can be used as a reference for determining policy strategies and preparing international development in the future. Increased efforts should be made to investigate other countries and modalities of TCM.

並列關鍵字

Legitimation ； licensing exam ； traditional Chinese medicine ； traditional medicine/complementary and alternative medicine

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