體液鑑定方法之探討

Overviews of the Methods for Body Fluid Identification

楊雅玲(Ya-Ling Yang) ； 謝幸媚(Hsing-Mei Hsieh) ； 李俊億(James Chun-I Lee) ； 洪振翔(Chen-Hsiang Hung) ； 張宇翔(Yu-Hsiang Chang) ； 蔡麗琴(Li-Chin Tsai)

《台灣法醫學誌》 6卷1期 (2014/06) Pp. 1-16

https://doi.org/10.6134/tjfm.2014.0601.01

摘要

體液檢體是犯罪現場中常見的生物跡證。刑案調查中除了追尋生物跡證的個化來源，該證物屬於何種體液或組織亦是越來越迫切需要提供的資訊。體液種類或其來源的資訊可於犯罪偵查階段釐清案情以指引偵查方向，幫助鑑識人員重建犯罪現場之發生事實或犯罪行為，更可提供法官作為審判依據。生物檢體中特定細胞、蛋白或RNA的表現程度若具有組織或細胞專一性亦可用於檢測體液檢體的來源或種類，目前已有多種技術方法應用於體液鑑別上，包括顯微鏡檢法、結晶試驗、呈色試驗或催化試驗、層析法、電泳法、光譜法、免疫分析法以及生物醫學界中常見的分生技術等。體液鑑別對於生物鑑識領域漸趨重要，本文針對目前鑑識領域之相關研究或實務上應用於體液鑑定之方法及近來具發展潛力的技術方法進行探討。

關鍵字

體液 ； 體液鑑定 ； 刑事鑑識

並列摘要

Body fluids are the common biological evidences in crime scenes. In addition to individualize the biological evidences, the information about the body fluid types or tissue origins is requested more and more. Information of body fluid origins not only helps the investigators to clarify the details of cases but also assists the forensic officers to reconstruct the criminal activities in the crime scene and further as the judgment basis for the judiciary. Cell types and protein or RNA expressions with tissue or cell-specificity of biological samples can be used as biomarkers to identify the origins or types of body fluids. Nowadays numerous techniques have been developed to identify the body fluids, including alternative light source methods, microscopic examination, crystal testing, color tests, catalytic tests, chromatographic methods, electrophoresis, spectroscopic methods, immunoassays, biomedical technology, etc. As the increasing importance of body fluid identification, this report provides an overview of the identification methods which have been applied on forensic science and the approaches still under development lately.

並列關鍵字

Body Fluid ； Body Fluid Identification ； Forensic Science

參考文獻

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