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摘要


近年來,幾個社會矚目案件中,DNA鑑定結果嚴重影響審判結果,有罪或無罪,造成當事人權益嚴重損害,也造成社會極大震撼。尤其面對性侵害案件或混合檢體時,Y-STR的鑑定就顯示出重要性,而傳統17型Y-STR已經越來越無法處理複雜DNA鑑定問題,亟須建立鑑別力更高的基因系統。因此,本研究積極建立最新27型Y-STR基因頻率及各項參數,供相關法醫及刑事實驗室參考使用。本研究使用ABI Yfiler Plus PCR Amplification Kit分析362位台灣地區隨機男性漢人在27個Y-STR基因之分布情形,其中包含原有17個Y-STR基因及新增10個Y-STR基因(DYS481、DYS533、DYS576、DYS627、DYS460、DYS518、DYS570、DYS449、DYF387S1a及DYF387S1b)。在一致性的比對中,比較與傳統17型Y-STR(ABI AmpFLSTR Yfiler Kit)分析之結果,Y-STR基因型完全一致。於362個檢體中共計出現有361個單倍型,只有2個檢體具有相同單倍型,其餘360個檢體均為單獨型別。單獨單倍型頻率為0.994475,單倍型多樣性為0.999992,隨機相符頻率為0.002778,鑑別力達0.997238,隨機2個男性漢人具有約7.13個allele型別相同。新一代多基因鑑定系統可提供於親緣關係及刑事鑑定案件之使用,對於刑案偵辦助益甚大。但值得注意的是,根據相關研究記載,此系統中新增的10個基因位突變率高於傳統17型Y-STR,提供辦理親緣關係及刑事鑑識實驗室運用時重要參考。

並列摘要


There are several highly publicized cases in the recent years, and DNA identification helps to clarify the cases and exonerate the innocent suspects for the protection of human rights. Especially, Y-STR identification is important for sexual assault and mixture cases. ABI AmpFLSTR Yfiler kit with 17 Y-STR loci is not capable to solve complex cases. Thus we conduct analysis on the new kit with expanded Y-STR loci for further use. Haplotypes were calculated for unrelated Han male samples (n = 362) at 27 Y-STR loci in ABI Yfiler Plus PCR Amplification kit. The 27 Y-STR kit is composed of 17 conventional Yfiler loci and 10 additional Y-STR loci. The DNA profiles of 17 conventional Y-STRs were the same in both Yfiler and Yfiler Plus kit. 361 unique haplotypes and 1 shared haplotype were observed in 362 males. The haplotype frequency, haplotype diversity, match probability and power of discrimination were 0.994475, 0.999992, 0.002778 and 0.997238 respectively. The Yfiler Plus kit has higher discrimination power than Yfiler kit for kinship identification and forensic use. It is worth noting that the 10 additional loci in Yfiler Plus kit have higher mutation rate.

參考文獻


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