This study aims to explore the influencing factors of awareness of student rights in public and private general universities. A total of 436 samples of public and private general university students were selected by random sampling, and the influencing factors were detected by independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multiple regression analysis. Through the multiple regression analysis, we can understand the explanatory power of each factor. The study found that grade level, types of school and coursework experience are important variables that affect awareness of student rights. It is recommended that students should pay attention to the specialization and general education courses in the field of law and politics, and the education authorities and schools should pay attention to the ideas and suggestions of college students on social issues in order to improve the development of students' rights awareness.