少年性侵者再犯危險評估量表之台灣常模初探及其與病態人格量表之相關研究

The Preliminary Study for Norm Establishment of Juvenile Sex Offender Assessment Protocol II (J-SOAPII) and Its Relationship on Psychopathy in Taiwan

林明傑(Min-Chieh Lin) ； 黃冠豪(Guan-Hao Huang)

《性學研究》 8卷1期 (2017/07) Pp. 1-31

https://doi.org/10.6206/SIS.2017.0801.01

摘要

台灣的少年性侵害日益增多，至2012年才納入社區輔導治療。本研究之目的在釐清少年與成年性侵者心理病理與再犯危險特質有何不同及國內可用之少年性侵者再犯危險評估量表常模，並嘗試以病態人格量表少年版（PCL-YV）作為效標。比較三種量表後，選定J-SOAP-II並以少年監獄的少年犯與三個法院的保護管束少年來做為建立常模之樣本。J-SOAP-II共28題，每題可給0、1、2分，全距為0到56分，分屬四個分量表，前兩個屬靜態因素，各為性驅力與衝動反社會性，後兩個屬於動態因素，各為處遇及社區適應。研究結果以監獄組及保護管束組各建常模，在全部量表、靜態量表、與動態量表之平均數與標準差上面，監獄組為各為20.28（7.04）、11.68（4.41)、8.45（4.83），而保護管束樣本為15.75（7.92）、7.73（3.95）、8.49（5.10）。在以病態人格量表少年版作為J-SOAP-II的效標上，PCL-YV總分、因素一（人際情感）、及因素二（行為與反社會）各與J-SOAP-II總分之相關係數r分別為 .76、.67、及 .66均達顯著，且發現因素一與動態因素較相關而因素二與靜態因素較相關。筆者建議以少年分數減平均值再除以標準差所得之標準分數Z值在0及以下（占所有個案50%）為低危險、在0 ~ 1（占所有個案34%）為中危險、在1及以上（占所有個案16%）為高危險。研究限制與建議在文末提出。

關鍵字

性侵害 ； 少年犯罪 ； 危險評估 ； 風險評估

並列摘要

Juvenile sex offense has been increasing during past years, but it was not until 2012 to include them into community treatment program in Taiwan. The purpose of this study was to clarify etiology and risk assessment of juvenile sex offenders, and to establish the norm of risk assessment scale in Taiwan as well as the correlation with psychopathy. J-SOAP II was evaluated and chosen to establish to norm by a juvenile prison and three juvenile probation jurisdiction areas. There were 28 items in J-SOAP II and each could be rated for 0, 1, 2, with 2 static subscales and 2 dynamic subscales. Based on total, static, and dynamic scores, the norm for prisoners were 20.28 (SD = 7.04), 11.68 (4.41), and 8.45 (4.83), whereas the norm for probationers were 15.75 (7.92), 7.73 (3.95), and 8.49 (5.10). While using psychopathy (PCLYV) as a criteria validity tool, it was found that J-SOAP II’s correlation with total, Factor I, and Factor II among PCL-YV were .76, .67, and .66, (all p ＜ .05). The author suggested that it could temporarily use the norm to count the Z standard score for identify levels of risk, while Z ＜ 0 means below average (50% of sample), Z = 0 ~ 1 means slight higher average (34% of sample), and Z ＞ 1 means much higher average (16% of sample). The limitation and suggestion were also provided.

並列關鍵字

Juvenile ； Sex Offender ； Risk Assessment ； Taiwan

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