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論美國與洪憲帝制

A Study of America and Hung-Syan Imperialism

摘要


為了保障在華經濟利益,美國十分注意中國市場的完整與內部的安定,不願意見到列強瓜分中國或者獨占特定地區利益的情形出現。同時,美國認為中國政局必須保持穩定,以免給予列強干涉的機會,至於中國採用何種政體,則非美國關心的重點。然而,當中國因為洪憲帝制引發內戰以及日本暗中資助反袁勢力甚至公開倒袁時,美國並沒有任何舉動。本文首先從美國對華政策的目的以及對袁世凱的認識,分析美國支持袁世凱的原因何在。其次,美國在帝制過程中產生何種影響。最後,美國為何對於袁世凱與帝制的失敗袖手旁觀,此一決策所考量的因素究竟有哪些。

關鍵字

洪憲帝制 袁世凱 古德諾 芮恩施 威爾遜

並列摘要


In order to protect the interests of trade in China, America paid much attention to the united market and the stability inside. America didn't want to see the situation that China would be separated by other mighty nations or pocketed profit without sharing with anyone else. At the same time, America considered that the political situation in China had to be kept steady, or other mighty nations would find opportunities to intervene. But America didn't care whatever governmental forms China might adopt. However, when the Hung-syan Imperialism caused a series of civil wars and Japan supported the powers of anti Yuan Shih-kai in the dark or toppled Yuan Shih-kai in public, America didn't take any actions. First, this article will analyze the reasons why America supported Yuan Shih-kai. Second, what influence did America bring in the process of imperialism. Last, why did America watch the failure of Yuan Shih-kai and his imperialism with folded arms? What factors did America consider in the process of making policies.

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