藝文題詠之石榴名物考釋及文化意涵探討

An Investigation of the Naming of Shiliu (Pomegranate) and its Cultural Implications

周明儀(Ming-Yi Chou)

《臺南應用科大學報》 31期 (2012/10) Pp. 183-205

https://doi.org/10.6969/JTUT.201210.0183

摘要

石榴又稱若榴、安石榴、塗林、荼林、丹若、金罌、金龐、天漿、三尸酒、村客、醋醋（措措）、海榴、海石榴等，別名甚多。傳入中國的確切時間雖有爭議，但傳人中國後則頗受喜愛而被廣為栽植，素有「天下之奇樹，九州之名果」的盛譽，不僅生長特質與花果的形色之美受到關注喜愛，漿果的食用與藥用功能也被發現、重視，並被應用於釀酒；植株之根皮與花朵所含色素是古代紅色染料的重要來源；實豐籽多的特性更被賦予多子多福的聯想。由於審美價值與物用功能均高，在歷史進程中因而衍生不少與石榴有關的傳說與典故，並見用於頌祝擬譬與藝文題詠，在傳統文化中形成獨特的意涵。

關鍵字

石榴 ； 傳說 ； 典故 ； 文化意涵

並列摘要

Shiliu is known as many different names, such as ruoliu, anshiliu, tulin, tulin, danruo, jingying, jingpang, tianjiang, sanshijiu, cunke, hailiu, haishiliu. The precise time when it was introduced into China remains disputable, but it was much favored and widely planted across China. It enjoyed the fame of being ”a precious plant in the world and a famous fruit across nine counties of China.” Its features when growing and beautiful shape of its flowers and fruits were much favored. Edible and medical usage of its berries was discovered and much appreciated. Wine was made from them. Roots and flowers of pomegranate tree contain colorants, a primary source of red dye in ancient China. Because of its fruits, abundant seeding, the pomegranate is an emblem of plenty of blessings accompanied with fertility. The aesthetic values and practical uses of the pomegranate are so valuable that many legends and allusions evolve around the pomegranate in history. It is also seen in expressing good wishes, metaphoric writings, and inscriptions on literary works. The historic evolution of pomegranate in literary works develops a unique cultural implication of pomegranate in China.

並列關鍵字

shiliu ； culture allusions ； cultural implication