文明的創傷與超越－戰後台灣心理小說中的情欲與自我建構

Traumas and Transcendence of Civilization Desire and the Construction of Self in Postwar Taiwanese Pschological novels

候作珍(Zuo-Zhen Hou)

《東華中文學報》 5期 (2012/12) Pp. 87-120

https://doi.org/10.7000/NJCLL.201212.0087

摘要

受到現代主義和佛洛伊德的精神分析學說影響，在戰後的台灣曾經掀起心理小說的創作風潮。描寫人物潛意識的欲望和隱蔽的性心理，特別是對情欲主題的探索，是戰後台灣心理小說內容的重要特色之一。本文以六○到九○年代的心理小說創作為例，分析情欲與自我建構和文明壓抑之間的關係。本文指出，情欲和自我主體性之建構有密切關係，而文明秩序對情欲的壓迫和監控管理，造成了所謂文明的創傷，其實也就是對自我主體性的壓制。面對這種壓制，心理小說描述了情欲與自我主體從順服、壓抑、扭曲、矛盾、分裂、變態到超越與重生的種種面貌，反映了自我主體性在文明規訓下從壓抑、覺醒到建立的過程。此外，自我主體建構的方式也存在著性別差異，但並非本質論式的截然二分。本文希望透過這些分析，呈現心理小說在情欲探索、文明創傷、自我建構與性別差異等議題上所做的深度貢獻，了解其在戰後台灣文學史上的意義與價值。

關鍵字

心理小說 ； 情欲 ； 自我 ； 文明 ； 創傷 ； 精神分析

並列摘要

Under the influence of modernism and Freudian psychoanalysis, psychological novels became popular literary genre during the period of post-war Taiwan. One of the major features of Taiwan's post-war psychological novels is the description of characters' unconscious and hidden sexual psychology, especially the exploration of desire. Focusing on psychological novels from 1960s' to 1990s' , this paper analyzes the relations between desire, construction of self and civilized oppression. The paper reveals that desire and the construction of subjectivity share a close relation with each other. However, the oppression and surveillance toward desire under the control of social order create the trauma of civilization, leading to the suppression of one's subjectivity. Confronting social oppression, psychological novels have depicted various facets of desire and subjectivity from being submissive, suppressive, distorted, contradictory, split, perverse to transcendent and reborn. They have shown, under social disciplines, the development of subjectivity from submission to awakening and construction. Gender differences, furthermore, are present within the construction of subjectivity but not essentialist dichotomy. Through the analysis, the paper hopes to unfold psychological novels' substantial contributions to sexual exploration, cultural trauma, construction of self and gender differences, exhibiting their significance and value in the history of Taiwan's post-war literature.

並列關鍵字

psychological novels ； desire ； self ； civilization ； trauma ； psychoanalysis