國際女子競技體操技術發展新趨勢－以2013世界錦標賽為例

The New Trends of International Women's Artistic Gymnastics Competition in 2013 World Gymnastics Competition

黃淑貞(Shu-Chen Huang) ； 張秀卿(Hsiu-Ching Chang) ； 何采容(Tsai-Jung Ho)

《運動健康休閒學報》 6期 (2015/04) Pp. 77-85

摘要

國際女子競技體操是一種向高難度動作挑戰、展現力與美、創新技術所構成的成套編配動作，它必須具備堅韌的意志力及豐富藝術美感的運動項目，是追求自我挑戰外，也在體驗能力勝任的愉快和控制的滿足感，它是姿勢、速度、力量、幅度、節奏等因素協調的變化組合。本研究以2013年世界體操錦標賽女子競技體操參加個人全能、個人單項決賽各八名選手為主要研究對象，以影片觀察、文獻資料收集、對比分析統計等方法分析，本文旨在了解國際女子競技體操發展情勢、技術發展方向，以競賽之致勝因素：「難、美、新、穩」對競賽表現之成績影響情形加以分析，以了解個人的薄弱環節而獲取高分，必須提高難度價值D分值和完成E分值，強化單項以提升團隊及個人全能成績，發展更高難度技術、提高動作質量、增加連接價值加分。結果顯示，團隊獎牌仍是美國、俄羅斯、中國和羅馬尼亞爭奪前三名，個人全能是美國（Simone Biles、Kyla Ross）、俄羅斯（Aliya Mustafina）、中國（姚金男、黃秋爽、黃慧丹）三強鼎立，個人單項跳馬和地板是美國強項，平衡木則是中國的優勢項目也和俄羅斯爭奪高低槓項目金牌，因此發現，致勝因素是高難度、高質量並重，而連接價值加分是主要關鍵。

關鍵字

個人全能 ； 個人單項決賽 ； 難度價值 ； 連接價值

並列摘要

International woman's artistic gymnastics is a skill of highly difficult movement. It displays power and beauty and is a whole set of actions that consist of creative technique. The gymnasts must have strong will and artistic touch. She has to constantly challenge herself and experience the joy and satisfaction of being in control in this sport. It is a skill combines pose, speed, power, range and rhythm. The sample of this study is collected from 8 women gymnasts participating in the 2013 World Gymnastics Competition individual all around and individual event finals. The method used in this study is film observation, document collection and comparison analysis. The purpose of this article is to understand the environment and developing trend of the international woman's gymnastic competition. This research analyze the scores based on the four elements for score-difficulty, beauty, creativity and stability, find out the weakest link in individual in order to reach the higher score in the competition. This research find that it is necessary to raise the high difficulty D value and complete E value, strengthen the single item in order to raise the group and individual all round score. It is also required to develop the higher difficulty skill, raise the quality of movement and increase the connection value. The result also shows the top three groups are competed among U.S., Russia, China and Romania. The individual all round are U.S. (Simone Biles, Kyla Ross), Russia (Aliya Mustafina), China (Yao Jinnan, Huang Chunsong, Huang Huidan). In individual item, the vault and floor exercise are strong suit of U.S.. The balance bar is Chinese favorite. China and Russia are competing for the gold of uneven bars. The result shows the winning factors are equally weighted between high difficulty and high quality and the plus of connection value is the key to success.

並列關鍵字

individual all around ； individual event finals ； difficulty value ； onnection value