協助面臨多重壓力家庭的兒少保護服務探討－跨單位合作的社會創新

Exploring services for child protection families with multiple stresses: Social innovation in cooperation between different institutions

莊文芳(Wen-Fang Chuang)

《輔仁社會研究》 8期 (2018/01) Pp. 77-118

摘要

家庭是保護兒少最根本的環境，但過去兒少保護服務對多重壓力家庭的協助卻是相對薄弱，即使有「家庭維繫」、「家庭重整」、「高風險家庭方案關懷輔導處遇」等服務，但執行後卻未達到與兒少保護服務互補目的，在實務上反製造出更多困難。切割破碎的服務，讓需要被服務的家庭無法得到完整服務，更深受標籤和困擾。理想的創新服務是能滿足社會需求的新計畫或新活動，能動員受益者、讓他們參與行動，藉由讓受益者接觸到權力和資源，能轉換改變其社會關係，達到個人和社會滿足的提升。協助多壓力的家庭，需要有創新模式來改變現況。本研究邀請一群社工與一名教師參與焦點團體。他們各受聘於不同組織，共通特徵是服務某個面臨多重壓力的家庭。研究者透過焦點團體讓研究參與者回溯、討論、腦力激盪整理出其服務歷程，分析其服務的創新滿足家庭的哪些需求，以及促成這創新方案的可能因素。從參與者的分享中，可知此社會服務的創新確實能滿足家庭的需求。從發展的經驗中，整理出有利於創新的建議，包括有足夠經驗者的參與、成員間需相互信任、密集溝通與協作、小心權力的競合等，以家庭為需求謹慎規劃服務等。最後提出反思和建議。

關鍵字

社會創新 ； 多重壓力家庭 ； 兒少保護

並列摘要

Families provide the basic environment for children, but, in the past, services for multiple stress families were limited. Family maintenance services, family reunion services, and high-risk family programs have been offered. However, after implementation, they failed to achieve the goal of child protection. Fragmented services not only fail to achieve the purpose of helping families, but also bring negative labeling. Innovative services are new programs or activities that meet the needs of society. They can mobilize the beneficiaries and get them involved. Allowing beneficiaries to gain access to power and resources enables them to transform their social relationships and achieve personal and social satisfaction. Assisting more stressed families requires innovative ways to change the status quo. For this research a group of social workers and a teacher were invited to participate in focus groups. These are employed by different organizations and share the common feature of serving a stressed family with children who need multiple services. Participants in the focus group backtrack, discuss, brainstorm, and sort out the course of their services. The researcher analyzed all the respondents' statements to find out what service innovations met the needs of the family and the possible drivers for this innovative approach. Senior social workers, mutual trust among members, intensive communication, focus on family needs, decisions made after explicit communication, management of power struggles, and careful thinking were all keys for success. Finally, the researcher presents discussions and suggestions based on the findings of the research.

並列關鍵字

Social Innovation ； Stressed Family ； Protection of Youth