Riboflavin is sensitive to blue light for generating reactive oxygen species and able to inactivate E. coli by damaging nucleic acids with free radicals generated. This study was working on the effects of pH, blue light irradiance intensity and dissolved oxygen on photo-decomposition of riboflavin and production of reactive oxygen species, based on the photochemical property of riboflavin. At a fixed blue light irradiance intensity, the increasing rate of production of superoxide radicals from photodecomposition of riboflavin was increased with the pH of buffer solution. At a fixed pH of buffer solution, the increasing rate of production of superoxide radicals from photo-decomposition of riboflavin was increased with the blue light irradiance intensity. The photo-decomposition of riboflavin and production of reactive oxygen species was not influence by dissolved oxygen in buffer solution.