溫布頓網球公開賽男子單打選手技術分析之研究－以2012年為例

A Study of Technical Performance Analysis for Male Players of Men's Singles Final in 2012 Wimbledon

林暐庭(Wei-Tin Lin) ； 許龍池(Lung-Chin Hsu)

《運動與健康研究》 3卷2期 (2014/04) Pp. 1-16

摘要

國內網球選手近年來在國際間表現優異，但在硬體設施與技術分析上卻相形薄弱，尤其對於草地網球場的運用上的探討更是寥寥無幾；本研究以觀察法統計2012年溫布頓網球公開賽（The Championships, Wimbledon）男子單打準決賽之四位男子選手（Roger Federer vs. Novak Djokovc & Andy Murray vs. Jo-WilfriedTsonga）所使用技術情形，將使用技術分為抽球、接發球、穿越球、切球、吊小球、吊高球、上網攻擊球、截擊、過頂殺球、發球、愛司球、雙發失誤等12項技術分類，再加以分析比賽時得失分技術對於比賽勝負之影響，並歸類出得失分技術以卡方進行考驗（Chi-Square Test）分析。統計結果發現，四位選手在使用技術有顯著差異存在（χ^2=124.43, p＜5），在得分技術有顯著差異存在（χ^2=92.50, p＜5），在失分技術有顯著差異存在（χ^2=82.94, p＜5），Federer技術較為多元化，Murray技術著重於發球、接發球、穿越球，Djokovic技術明顯在於底線抽球與發球，Tsonga使用技術著重於上網攻擊球與截擊；因此，本研究分析結果顯示認為，天然草地網球場使用底線抽球並非較有優勢，發球得分比率較高；須具強勁的發球及發球後上網攻擊的技術是賽事獲勝不可缺少的關鍵因素；使用切球技術有助於讓自己順暢到前場；除了具備發球與前場得分技術，配合多元打法並提升穿越球與接發球得分能力可增加比賽勝率。期許研究結果作為國內網球選手準備天然草地球場賽事及練習之參考。

關鍵字

溫布頓網球公開賽 ； 天然草地網球場 ； 多元化擊球技術

並列摘要

Taiwanese tennis players have had outstanding performance in International Championships in recent years, but research concerning tennis facilities and drills analysis is weak, and especially for grass court discussion, somewhat scant. This study examines used tennis drills and won or lost points during games of four male elite tennis players (ROGER FEDERER vs. NOVAK DJOKOVIC, and ANDY MURRAY vs. JO-WILFRIDE TSONGA) who attended the semi-final games in 2012 Wimbledon. By observation survey, data were analyzed and used tennis drills were classified into drive, return, passing shot, under spin, drop-shot, lob, approach, volley, overhead, serve, aces, double-fault, and the correlations were analyzed. The Chi-Square test statistical methods were used for data analyses. There were significant differences (χ^2=124.43, p＜5) among the four male elite tennis players for used drill, significant differences (χ^2=92.50, p＜5) for the won points used drills, and significant differences (χ^2=82.94, p＜5) for the lost points used drills. The advantage won tennis drills used individually are as follows: The drills of won points were multiple for Federer; serve, return and passing shot for Murray; baseline drive and serve for Djokovic; and approach and volley for Tsonga. The results of this study showed that it is not advantageous to use baseline drive on grass tennis courts as it does not compare with baseline stroke advantage ace higher rates, and to use the serve would get higher percentage of points won. Using a powerful serve and approach are important key factors to win competition, and under spin helps create a smooth offensive. Serving, approaching with multiple techniques, and promoting the ability of won points can raise winning scores. The results of this study could be taken as a reference for Taiwanese tennis players to prepare for competitions on the glass court and for intensive training.

並列關鍵字

Wimbledon Champion ； natural grass tennis court ； multiple stroke skill

參考文獻

王宗隆（1993）。網球運動的特徵。網球報導雜誌，28，33-37。

江中皓（2003）。臺灣地區男子網球單打技術及勝負技術之研究。體育學報，34，79-92。

江勁彥、江勁政、王建邦、劉啟帆（2004）。提昇新世代網球教練素質與選手技能之考量要素。彰化師大體育學報，4，142-151。

江界山（2006）。從杜哈亞運網球參賽成績談如何準備北京奧運。國民體育季刊，36（1），103-103。

巫宏榮（2004）。網球的第壹本書。台北：益群出版社。