拳擊選手訓練週期對判斷力和視覺追蹤能力之研究

以往在拳擊的研究多以技術分析為主，並無拳擊選手判斷力跟視覺追蹤的相關研究。因此本研究將比較拳擊選手在比賽前期、比賽期、過渡期與準備期等訓練週期的判斷力與視覺追蹤表現是否有所差異。以102年選拔入選國訓中心的拳擊選手，共12位（男生6位；女生6）為研究對象。使用DT判斷力與LVT視覺追蹤測驗工具，進行四個訓練週期的測驗，所得資料進行單因子多變量分析。結果發現，過渡期DT判斷力反應時間與對題數顯著差異皆差於其他三個訓練週期（p＜.05），表示訓練週期的不同是會影響選手們的判斷力。而LVT視覺追蹤方面不論是對題數與測驗時間皆無顯著差異（p＜.05），表示訓練週期不同並非影響選手們的視覺追蹤成績。此結果獲得下列結論，教練可瞭解不同時期拳擊選手判斷力跟視覺追蹤的狀況，加以調整訓練來讓選手達到更好的正確判斷與視覺反應，讓選手能於比賽中正確判斷與提升視覺反應。

關鍵字

拳擊；訓練週期；判斷力；視覺追蹤

並列摘要

The research is aimed to discuss the effect of different training periods on decision making and visual tracking performance. Purpose: To compare the difference of decision making and visual tracking performances on the stages of pre-game, competitive seasons, period of adjustment and preparative training among boxers. Methods: A total number of 12 boxers including 6 females and 6 males, who were selected from the National Sports Training Center in 2013 as the research participants. The participants completed the DT Determination Test and LVT Visual Pursuit Test after each stage. A one-way ANOVA analysis was used for data analysis. Results: the participants in the stage of transitional period had significantly lower performance on the reaction times and the number of correct than the other three stages, which indicated that the participant's decision making might be affected in different training period. There was no significant difference between reaction times and the number of correct on LVT Visual Pursuit Test. The results indicated that visual tracking performance of players might not be affected in different training period. Conclusion: players were adjusted by coaches to achieve better performance according to their situation in different training periods.