大專跆拳道選手成就目標取向與自我效能之研究

A Study of the Achievement Goal Orientation and Self-Efficacy of College Taekwondo Athletes

張祜銜(Hu-Hsien Chang) ； 羅琬竹(Wan-Chu Lo)

《淡江體育學刊》 24期 (2021/11) Pp. 15-27

https://doi.org/10.6976/TJPE.202111_(24).0002

摘要

緒論：旨瞭解國內大專跆拳道選手成就目標及自我效能之研究。方法：以問卷調查法，研究對象為2020年全國大專校院運動會跆拳道選手128人，包含公開組87人、一般組41人。以描述性統計呈現選手的基本資料，以獨立樣本t檢定分析性別、年級、組別在各構面中的差異，並以皮爾遜積差相關統計方法進行成就目標取向構面及自我效能構面分析。結果：一、大專跆拳道男性在成就目標取向的「精熟取向」及自我效能均高於女性，且呈現顯著差異。二、大專跆拳道高年級生在自我效能也均優於低年級生，且呈現顯著差異。三、不同參賽組別對成就目標取向僅在「表現避免」呈現顯著差異，而自我效能部分則均無呈現差異性。四、成就目標取向的「精熟取向」及「社會贊同」對自我效能均呈現顯著正相關、「表現趨近」對「個人對技能的知覺」呈現顯著正相關、「表現避免」對「生理上的信心能力」呈現顯著正相關。結論：研究顯示，透過成就目標取向與自我效能可以促進選手更加了解自身狀況，偏向精熟取向者較以動作精熟為目的，偏向表現取向者以超越他人或不要成為最後一名為主，亦可藉由此取向來提高自身自我效能，產生更高持續參與的動機。

關鍵字

性別 ； 跆拳道競賽 ； 成就表現

並列摘要

Introduction: The purpose of the research was to understand the achievement goal and self-efficacy of domestic college taekwondo athletes. Methods: Form of the questionnaire survey the subjects of the study were 128 taekwondo athletes in the 2020 National Intercollegiate Athletic Games including 87 people in the Division Ⅰ and 41 people in the Division Ⅱ. The basic information of athletes is presented with descriptive statistics, the differences in gender, grade, and group are analyzed by independent sample t-test, and the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient method were used to achieve the goal analysis of orientation dimension and self-efficacy dimension. Results: 1)The ＂mastery orientation＂ and self-efficacy of college Taekwondo males are higher than those of females, and there are significant differences. 2)The self-efficacy of taekwondo high-grade students in tertiary college is better than that of low-grade students, and there are significant differences. 3)The orientation towards achievement goals of different participating groups only showed significant differences in ＂performance-avoidance＂, while there was no difference in self-efficacy. 4)Achievement goal-oriented ＂mastery orientation＂ and ＂social approval＂ both show a significant positive correlation with self-efficacy; ＂performance approach＂ has a significant positive correlation with ＂personal perception of skills＂, and ＂performance-avoidance＂ has a significant positive correlation with ＂physical confidence ability＂ showed a significant positive correlation. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that through achievement goal orientation and self-efficacy can promote athletes to understand their own situation better. Those who tend to be mastery orientation are more proficient in action. Those who tend to be performance-oriented are to surpass others or not to be the last one. This orientation can improve self-efficacy and generate a higher motivation for continuous participation.

並列關鍵字

gender ； taekwondo competition ； achievement performance

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