區域災害系統研究－以臺東縣海端鄉為例

災害是人類資源經營系統與地球物理事件間交互作用所產生的生命財產損失，臺灣位在板塊交界地帶島嶼，地質地形複雜、破碎，再加上梅雨與夏季颱風所帶來的豪雨，以及人口的增加、社會型態的轉變和邊緣環境地帶的快速發展，也使人類資源經營系統產生了負面的影響。本研究透過災害案例的收集，再利用不安定指數法求出本區塊體破壞敏感程度，發現災害發生的地點並非全然是高敏感地區，而是部分建物、財產曝露於高敏感地區，再加上當地居民部分土地超限利用等因素所導致的。故本研究強調災害的研究不止應重視孕育災害的自然環境，再者需考量極端現象的致災因子、承災體的曝露與脆弱程度，討論三者交互作用的影響，而這便是一「區域災害系統」的概念。

關鍵字

區域災害系統；不安定指數；致災因子；曝露；脆弱度

並列摘要

A natural hazard may be defined as an interaction between a system of human resource management and an extreme natural phenomenon, and causing a major human hardship with significant material damage to buildings and/or loss of life. The island of Taiwan is an interaction between of tectonic structure and geosyncline, and plum rains and typhoons brought heavy rain. Furthermore, Increase of population, the social-economic changes and the rapid development of the zone of marginal environments, making resource management system to produce a negative impact. In this study, through the collection of disaster cases, used instability index to calculate mass wasting of sensitivity. Consequence, disasters weren't taking place high/very high sensitivity, because buildings, properties exposure in high sensitivity areas, coupled with over-Utilization. Therefore, this study emphasizes the disaster should not only focus sensitivity and trigger of the natural environment, but need to consider the hazard of extreme natural phenomena, exposure and vulnerability of residents. Finally, discuss interaction of the three, which is a concept of Disaster System.