應用GIS於都市邊緣地區急重症緊急救護之風險評估

Application of GIS for Risk Assessment of Critical Emergency Ambulance at Urban Fringe

邱建凱(Chien-Kai Chiu) ； 鄧子正(Tzu-Jeng Deng)

《災害防救科技與管理學刊》 9卷1期 (2020/03) Pp. 25-41

https://doi.org/10.6149/JDM.202003_9(1).0003

摘要

對突發性緊急傷病患須於救護現場進行急救處置時，緊急醫療救護系統即扮演著延續生命且不可或缺的重要角色。若能於到達醫院前容許時間內維持傷病患基本的生命徵象，除了可大幅提升後續醫療效能外，亦相對減少死亡風險的發生機率，然而對於遠離都市交通樞紐之邊緣地區是否能在一定時間內達到上述標準，並具備完善的居住安全品質，實為本探究緣由。爰此，本研究以臺北市東側邊緣的內湖行政區作為研究對象，並應用地理資訊系統劃設各消防、醫療據點服務範圍。藉由到醫院前心肺功能停止、腦血管疾病、心臟疾病與糖尿病等急重症區位分布的比例高低，利用風險矩陣模式評量急重症緊急救護之風險程度，依此建議政府機關針對各區域採取降低風險之必要措施。

關鍵字

地理資訊系統 ； 緊急救護服務範圍 ； 風險矩陣

並列摘要

The Emergency Medical System plays an indispensable and important role in continuing life when urgent treatment is needed at the ambulance scene in the face of sudden emergency injuries. If the basic vital signs of the injured patient can be maintained within the allowable time before arriving at hospital, in addition to greatly improving the subsequent medical efficiency, it will also relatively reduce the risk of death. However, it is the purpose of this study to determine whether the fringe areas far from urban transportation hubs can achieve the above standards within a certain period of time and have consummate quality of residential security. Therefore, the Neihu District on the eastern edge of Taipei City is chosen as the research object, and apply geographic information system (GIS) to set the service areas of each fire station and medical base. By the distribution ratio of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), cerebrovascular diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, the risk matrix model is used to evaluate the degree of risk for emergency care of critical illnesses. Based on this study, it is recommended that government agencies take the necessary measures to reduce risks for each region.

並列關鍵字

Geogrophic information system ； Emergency medical service area ； Risk matrix

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