穴位刺激對運動恢復期生理變項之影響

隨著運動競技日趨激烈，許多提升運動表現的方法不斷被提出，試圖調整運動員的生理機能以增進運動表現。中醫針灸（Acupuncture）的歷史超過3000年，其透過刺激身體上的「穴位」（Acupoint），造成生理上的變化，進而對生理機能產生影響。因此，本文針對相關文獻進行整理，以了解穴位刺激對運動恢復期生理變項之影響。結果發現：（1）穴位刺激能有效排除乳酸及縮短心跳率恢復時間。對運動員來說，應可有效改善運動訓練所造成的疲勞。（2）在動物實驗中發現，穴位刺激能減少運動所誘發的氧化壓力，增加抗氧化能力。（3）穴位刺激對免疫功能似乎具有調節的作用，但是因相關研究不多且其結果並不一致，因此須更進一步研究。（4）穴位刺激受到許多因素的影響，例如刺激方法、穴位選擇、刺激時間等等的不同，都有可能對運動的生理現象造成影響，若能深入了解，將其應用於促進運動疲勞的恢復與強化體能，相信對選手的運動訓練與運動表現之提昇將會有所幫助。

關鍵字

針炙；運動表現；生理機能

並列摘要

Race becoming fiercer with sports, a lot of methods to improve the movement and display are being proposed constantly, attempt to adjust athletes' physiological function. The history of Acupuncture had been over 3,000 years, which, in turn have an impact on the physiology by stimulating the ＂points＂(Acupoint) on the body, causing physiological changes. Therefore, this study expected by the compilation of relevant researches, and to explore the effects of acupuncture on physiological covariates during exercise recovery period. The results showed that: (1) Acupoint stimulation can effectively remove lactic acid and shortens recovery time of heart rate. For athletes, should be able to effectively improve the fatigue caused by exercise training. (2) In animal experiments found that acupoint stimulation can reduce oxidative stress and increased antioxidant capacity. (3) Acupoint stimulation on immune function appear to have inconsistent results. Due to few studies and the results are not consistent, therefore it should be further studied. (4) Acupoint stimulation is influenced by many factors, such as stimulation, acupuncture point selection, exciting time, and so different, are likely to affect the physiological covariates during exercise recovery period. If we can understand, it will be applied to promote the recovery of sports fatigue, strengthen physical fitness, and enhance athletic performance.