大學生男子立定跳遠之運動學與表現相關

Kinematics and performance correlation of male standing long jump among college students

吳蕙汝(Hui-Ju, Wu) ； 陳朝福(Chao-Fu, Chen)

《中原體育學報》 17期 (2021/12) Pp. 51-60

https://doi.org/10.6646/CYPEJ.202112_(17).0005

摘要

目的：探討大學生在立定跳遠起跳瞬間和騰空時間與著地瞬間，其關鍵運動學參數與表現之相關。方法：本研究隨機招募12位男性大學生為研究對象，以2台高速攝影機拍攝，同步擷取頻率為100Hz，每位共執行3次最大努力立定跳遠，選其最佳一次進行資料分析，再經由Kwon 3D動作分析系統進行影像分析其三維空間運動學參數，其身高178.00±4.24公分、體重70.25±7.29公斤、年齡19.08±0.97歲、立定跳遠距離2.35±0.18公尺。結果：分析結果發現，起跳瞬間之重心高度與立定跳遠成績為高顯著正相關（r = .748, p = .005）；起跳瞬間之髖關節角度與膝關節角度為負相關（r = -.587, p = .045）；起跳瞬間之膝關節角度與踝關節角度為高顯著正相關（r = .762, p = .004）；起跳瞬間之踝關節與重心角度為正相關（r = .601, p = .039）。騰空階段之騰空時間與重心角度為高顯著正相關（r = .799, p = .002）。著地瞬間之髖關節角度與重心高度為正相關（r = .685, p = .014）；著地瞬間之踝關節角度與重心速度為負相關（r = -.580., p = .048）。結論：最佳起跳重心角度技術是騰空時間關鍵因素，延伸髖關節前傾，膝關節與踝關節需較大伸展模式，減少踝關節蹠屈動作來延長騰空時間，最後增加身體重心高度來獲得最佳動作表現。

關鍵字

重心角度 ； 重心高度 ； 起跳瞬間

並列摘要

Objective: To explore the correlation between the key kinematic parameters and performance of college students at the moment of take-off, the time of flight and the moment of landing in standing long jump. Methods: This study randomly recruited 12 male college students as the research subjects. They were taken with 2 high-speed cameras, and the synchronous acquisition frequency was 100Hz. Kwon 3D motion analysis system performs image analysis of its three-dimensional spatial kinematics parameters. Its height is 178.00±4.24 cm, weight is 70.25±7.29 kg, age is 19.08±0.97 years old, and the standing long jump distance is 2.35±0.18 m. Results: The analysis results found that the height of the center of gravity at the moment of take-off was significantly positively correlated with the standing long jump performance (r = .748, p = .005); the angle of the hip joint at the moment of take-off was negatively correlated with the angle of the knee joint (r = .- 587, p = .045); the angle of the knee joint at the moment of take-off and the angle of the ankle joint are significantly positively correlated (r = .762, p = .004); the angle of the ankle joint at the moment of take-off is positively correlated with the angle of the center of gravity (r =. 601, p = .039). The flight time of flight phase and the angle of the center of gravity are highly significantly positively correlated (r = .799, p = .002). The hip angle at the moment of landing is positively related to the height of the center of gravity (r = .685, p = .014); the ankle angle at the moment of landing is negatively related to the center of gravity velocity (r = -.580., p = .048) Conclusion: The optimal take-off center of gravity angle technique is a key factor in the flight time. To extend the hip joint forward, the knee and ankle joints need a larger extension mode, reduce the ankle joint plantar flexion to extend the flight time, and finally increase the body's center of gravity height to get the most good performance.

並列關鍵字

Body Angle ； Body Velocity ； Moment of take-off

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