安全環境與環境安全－環境變遷「安全化」下的北約戰略轉型

Security Situation and Environmental Security-The Securitization of Environmental Change and NATO's Strategic Transformation

蔡育岱(Yu-Tai Ts'ai) ； 李思嫺(Szu-Hsien Lee)

《淡江國際與區域研究》 2卷2期 (2013/12) Pp. 39-65

摘要

環境安全已經是重要的安全議題之一，特別有助於解釋冷戰後安全概念溢擴現象，而伴隨環境變遷議題而來的環境「安全化」（Securitization）概念，更說明傳統安全與非傳統安全的不可分割性。尤其在新型態安全議題的威脅下，做為傳統軍事同盟象徵的北約，已經重新調整其戰略角色的定位，提出所謂「新戰略概念」（New Strategic Concept），並成立「新型態的安全挑戰部」（ESCD），專門因應非傳統安全威脅，證明北約在面對新威脅和新挑戰中，進入了行動和任務的轉型。緣此，本文主要目的在於評議環境變遷所造成的「安全化」概念，是否對於環境安全構成助益或阻礙，以及環境變遷對北約戰略轉型具有何種的意涵。

關鍵字

安全環境 ； 環境安全 ； 安全化 ； 環境變遷 ； 北約

並列摘要

Environmental security has been one of the new security issues that helped broaden the meaning of security in the post-Cold War period. The ”securitization” of environmental security has further shown that the concepts of traditional security and non-traditional security are in fact indivisible. The NATO, for instance, has readjusted its role from being a military alliance to a collectivity that also deals with several new types of security threats. In so doing, the NATO not only developed a ”New Strategic Concept” in 2010, but also set up an ”Emerging Security Challenges Division, ESCD,” to tackle the various non-traditional security issues.Hence, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the concept of the securitization of environmental change and assess its limits and advantages in environmental security studies. Finally, the paper discusses the implications for NATO's transformation in facing environmental change.

並列關鍵字

Security Situation ； Environmental Security ； Securitization ； Environmental Change ； NATO