聯合國公民與政治權利國際公約人民自決權利條款之研析

The Study on the Provision of the Peoples’ Right of Self-determination in the United Nations International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

胡慶山(Samuel Ching-Shan Hu)

《淡江國際與區域研究》 4卷2期 (2016/01) Pp. 43-109

摘要

公民與政治權利國際公約及經濟社會文化權利國際公約，皆在第一條規定人民自決權，可見該項權利受到高度的重視，以及其在達成所有公民、政治、經濟、社會與文化各項權利上的重要性。本文將研究：第一，做為國際人權兩公約共通第一條的自決權利的意義，包括此項權利的發展概念、究竟是法的權利抑或是政治原則、此項權利與人權間之關係、其集體性質與永恆性質在內。第二，根據維也納條約法公約的解釋原則，釐清自決權的主體、自決權的行使形態、經濟/社會與文化上的自決權意涵、締約國的義務。第三，檢視台灣自決權法制是否符合公約自決權利的保障。

關鍵字

公民與政治權利國際公約 ； 經濟社會文化權利國際公約 ； 人民自決權 ； 台灣 ； 自決權法

並列摘要

Article 1 1. All peoples have the right of self-determination. By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development. 2. All peoples may, for their own ends, freely dispose of their natural wealth and resources without prejudice to any obligations arising out of international economic co-operation, based upon the principle of mutual benefit, and international law. In no case may a people be deprived of its own means of subsistence. 3. The States Parties to the present Covenant, including those having responsibility for the administration of Non-Self-Governing and Trust Territories, shall promote the realization of the right of self-determination, and shall respect that right, in conformity with the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations. This project will study: First, the meaning of the peoples’ right of self-determination which is the common article 1 in both International Covenants, and including the development of the concept of this right, this term is a right or just a political principle, what is the relationship between this right and human rights, the collective nature of this right, and the eternal nature of this right. Second, according to the principles of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, this study will clarify the subjective actor of self-determination, the exercising forms of self-determination, the meaning of the right of self-determination in economy, society and culture, the obligation of the States Parties. Third, this study will examine whether Taiwan’s legal system of the self-determination is complying with the Covenant article 1 peoples’ right of self-determination or not.

並列關鍵字

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ； International Covenant on Economic ； Social and Cultural Rights ； Right to Self-determination by People ； Taiwan ； Legal System of Right to Self-determination