金門閩南書院之個案比較研究

金門從唐宋開發迄今一千七百餘年歷史，享有「海濱鄒魯」美譽，顯示地區文風鼎盛。本文透過資料蒐集與貝瑞岱比較教育研究法，試圖的描述、解釋、並列與比較書院過去的創建年代，以及現址的存廢。研究發現書院創建年代依序分別為，燕南書院（南宋，1153年）、浯洲書院（元朝，1333-1370年）、金山書院（明朝）、浯江書院（清．乾隆四十五，1780年）。現址的存廢，傾向支持金山書院為浯洲書院毀損後，為提倡地方興學而復建。目前碩果僅存的二座書院，燕南書院發現四次修建，依序分別為光緒五年（1879）、大正六年（1917）、民國十六年（1927）與民國九十七年（2008）等；浯江書院在嘉慶年間與道光十五年（西元1926年）各修過一次，民國之後，大大小小至少修建十次。書院本身極具歷史、文化、藝術與紀念意義，象徵著各個時代的特色、技術與流派。對於現存二座書院，建議政府應負起妥善保管與維護之責。

關鍵字

書院；朱子與金門；金門書院

並列摘要

Kinmen has more than 1,700 years of history since it was developed in the Tang and Song Dynasties. As a result, it enjoys a reputation as ＂origins of culture on the coast,＂ showing the thriving culture of the region. Through data collection and Bereday's comparative method in education, this article attempts to describe, explain, juxtapose, and compare the establishment of the academy in the past, as well as the abolition of the current site. The research found that the academies were founded in the following order: Yannan Academy (Southern Song Dynasty, 1153), Wuzhou Academy (Yuan Dynasty, 1333-1370), Jinshan Academy (Ming Dynasty), and Wujiang Academy (Qing．Qianlong 45, 1780). In regard to the retention and abolition of the current site, there is a trend toward supporting reconstruction of Jinshang Academy to promote local schools after the destruction of Wuzhou Academy For the only two academies still in existence, Yannan Academy was found to have been refurbished four times, sequence of years of refurbishment: the fifth year of Guangxu (1879), the sixth year of Dazheng (1917), the sixteenth year of the Republic of China (1927), and the ninty-seventh year of the Republic of China (2008). The Wujiang Academy was refurbished once in the Jiaqing period and once in the 15th year of Daoguang (1926) respectively, and was refurbished in various degrees at least ten times after it entered the period of Republic of China. The academy itself owns great historical, cultural, artistic, and memorial significance. It symbolizes the characteristics, technologies, and genres of each era. For the two existing academies, the government is advised to take responsibility of proper management and maintenance.