- 期刊
火災模擬探測器位置與作動時間之分析：以某學生宿舍為例
Fire Simulation Analysis of Detector Location and Actuation Time: A Case Study in a Student Dormitory
摘要
目前，台灣的大學宿舍中通常只有探測器及火警自動警報設備，在房間內則無任何滅火設施，住宿學生們應了解當發生火災時，如何安全的逃生。本研究利用FDS模擬大學宿舍中，房間內發生火災的情況，模擬數據包括火場的溫度、能見度、氧氣、二氧化碳等之分布與演變，以及在不同位置、不同種類的探測器所需的作動時間，藉此以判斷逃生疏散的時間。透過FDS分析，可模擬出火災流場分布及濃煙的流向，從結果得知偵煙型探測器作動時間快，因此較適合設置在寢室，當發生火災3分鐘房間裡充滿濃煙，5分鐘整個樓層充滿濃煙。本研究分析結果及方法，提供宿舍及房屋火場發展與如何逃生疏散之參考，FDS模擬軟體與方法可供學校宿舍火防災教育之評估分析工具。
並列摘要
Nowadays, university dormitories in Taiwan usually have only detectors and automatic fire alarm equipment. There are no fire extinguishing facilities in the room. Dorm students should be aware that when a fire breaks out. How to escape and evaluate safely? In this study, FDS is used to simulate the dormitory fire situation in the room. The simulated data include the temperature, visibility, oxygen and carbon dioxide distribution and evolutions in the fire scene. The actuation times are obtained for different types of alarms at different position to evaluate the time of evacuation. Through FDS analysis, the actual fire flow fields, and smoke flow direction are analyzed and it is found that the smoke detector is more suitable to be installed in the dormitory due to shorter actuation time. When the fire breaks out, the room is filled with smoke for three minutes. After five minutes, the whole floor is filled with smoke. The results and methods of this study could provide the reference for evaluating how the fire evolves and how to evacuate from the fire in the dormitory and house. The FDS simulation software and method can be used as an evaluation analysis tool for dormitory fire prevention education in the future.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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