公司文化的人類學研究：以家族和親屬研究為線索

An Anthropological Study of Business Culture: The Use of Family and Kinship Study as a Clue

中畑充弘(Mitsuhiro Nakahata)

《華人應用人類學學刊》 1卷2期 (2012/12) Pp. 83-107

https://doi.org/10.6290/CJAA.2012.0102.04

摘要

本篇文章從人類學角度試圖重申企業文化研究中家族和親屬研究的重要性。長久以來，人類學和管理學這兩個學科主導著企業研究的發展，衍生出所謂的「企業人類學」和「管理學研究」。這兩個學科之間，無論在研究方法、方法論和認識論上均存在著極大的衝突和分歧。在企圖釐清兩個學科之間的矛盾和分歧的脈絡下，筆者期盼讀者能重新檢視企業文化研究裡親屬關係的重要性，因為在當代日本社會裡，許多中型到大型的企業均是家族企業。通過日本的案例研究，配合民族誌的手法，筆者希望能展示，以非親屬關係為基礎的日本企業如何策略性地應用親屬關係和原則來確保企業的延續性。

關鍵字

企業人類學 ； 家族和親屬研究 ； 企業延續性

並列摘要

This paper is an anthropological attempt to reinstate the importance of family and kinship studies in the study of business culture. The field of company studies has long been dominated by two major disciplines, anthropology and management, leading to the evolution of ”business anthropology” and ”management studies.” The relationships between these two disciplines are marked by conflicts or disagreements over method, methodology and epistemology.In his attempt to trace a movement away from conflicts and disagreements between the two disciplines, the author aims to draw our attentions to the importance of kinship in business culture in contemporary Japan, especially in view of the fact that many medium-to-large sized businesses in Japan are family business.Through the case studies from Japan, the author demonstrates ethnographically how kinship relations or principles are strategically applied among non-relatives in Japanese corporations with a final aim to ensure the continuity of the corporation.

並列關鍵字

business anthropology ； family and kinship studies ； continuity of the corporation