Objectives. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the leading cause of community-acquired infection leading to social economic losses and adverse effect on public health. The incidence of UTI is particularly high in women. The aim of this population-based study was to investigate the effects of meteorological factors on the incidence of female UTI in Taiwan. Methods. In total, 157,258 women were diagnosed as having UTIs from 2001 to 2013 in Taiwan. Patients with repeated UTI were excluded. Meteorological data for each corresponding month were gathered from the Central Weather Bureau database. The meteorological data collected included ambient temperatures, humidity, rainfall, total rain days, and sunshine hours. Results. The incidence rate of female UTI was 250.94 per 100,000 people from 2001 to 2013. The monthly incidence of female UTI was positively correlated with temperature (r=0.34), sunshine hours (r=0.40), and rainfall (r=0.17). The average monthly temperature had the strongest correlation with the incidence of female UTI (ß=5.30), followed by total sunshine hours (ß=0.53) and total rainfall (ß=0.07). Conclusion. Meteorological factors significantly relate to the incidence rate of female UTI in Taiwan, especially average monthly average temperature.