出土文獻校讀《楚辭》商榷四例

出土文獻為未經改動的第一手資料，用來校讀傳世古籍，往往有著更強的證據力。楚國簡帛為出土先秦文獻的大宗之一，以之校讀當初同以楚文字書寫的屈原作品，對於破解屈賦中的諸多疑難問題，功用尤其顯著，前輩學者在這方面已經做了很多重要的工作和嘗試，成績斐然可觀。然而，創新不易，各種新說有時不免仍有可以斟酌的地方，需通過學界不斷的檢驗、對話，才能獲得更可信的結論。本文選錄四則學者們據出土文獻校讀《楚辭》的例子進行討論，與諸位先生商榷。四例分別是：一、〈離騷〉篇題的「騷」字是「□」的誤字；二、〈湘君〉的「玦」即楚簡中的「少環」；三、〈禮魂〉篇題為「亂云」二字的訛誤和通假；四、〈天問〉「帝何竺之」的「竺」應讀為「篤」。經本文逐一檢視諸說之論證後，認為皆仍有值得斟酌的地方。最後並就討論所及，歸納出一些日後相關研究或可參考的條例。

關鍵字

出土文獻；楚辭；離騷；湘君；禮魂；天問

並列摘要

Unearthed literature for the unaltered first-hand information, used to proofread the ancient books, often have a stronger evidence. The bamboo and silk of Chu state is one of the bulk of the pre-Qin unearthed literature, used to proofread the original with the Chu writing written works of Qu Yuan, for solving many difficult problems in the Qu Yuan works, the function is particularly significant, the scholars have done a lot in this regard important work and try, impressive results. However, innovation is not easy, all kinds of new ideas sometimes can not help but still have to consider the place, through the academic community of continuous testing, dialogue, in order to obtain more credible conclusions. This article selected four scholars according to the unearthed literature proofread Chu Ci examples to discuss. Four examples are: 1. ＂Lisao＂ topic ＂騷＂ is the error word of ＂蚤＂; 2. ＂玦＂ in ＂Xiangjun＂ is ＂少環＂ in the bamboo of Chu state; 3. ＂Lihun＂ is the error and phonetic loan character of ＂亂云＂; 4. ＂竺＂ of ＂帝何竺之＂ in ＂Tianwen＂ should be read as ＂篤＂. After this one by one to examine the arguments of the argument, that there are still worthy of the place. Finally, and on the discussion, summed up some of the relevant research or reference to the future regulations.