樂齡者參與活化記憶學習之動機與策略應用研究

Applying Cognitive Strategies in Older Adults Participating in a Memory Activation Learning

陳璿宇(Chen, H.-Y.) ； 李雅慧(Lee, Y.-H.)

《福祉科技與服務管理學刊》 10卷4期 (2022/12) Pp. 315-334

https://doi.org/10.6283/JOCSG.202212_10(4).315

摘要

全世界面臨高齡人口快速遞增，失智症（Dementia）盛行，全球每3秒就有1人罹患失智症。從大腦的認知觀點，高齡學習可以促進大腦神經元的可塑性。本研究主要目的，是探討樂齡者參與活化記憶學習之動機；瞭解樂齡者參與活化記憶學習之內容及樂齡者參與活化記憶學習後之策略應用。本研究採取質性研究法，以立意取樣，半結構式深度訪談法。研究對象樂齡學習中心6位學員，研究結果：（1）樂齡者參與活化記憶學習之動機，是想改善記憶與延緩老化，擔心老年罹患失智與工作壓力影響記憶，多學習多動腦、打破封閉生活。（2）活化記憶學習內容包含：記憶知識、規律運動與強化記憶力；集中注意力、情節記憶與圖片聯想；延緩老化方法、護智生活型態與飲食習慣。（3）生活實用策略應用有記憶策略、善用工具與正念紓解壓力及健康生活型態。本研究根據結論，提出建議。

關鍵字

樂齡者 ； 活化記憶學習 ； 記憶策略應用 ； 高齡學習

並列摘要

The world is facing a rapid increase in aging populations. Dementia in older populations is prevalent. One person suffers from dementia every 3 seconds in the world. From the cognitive point of view of the brain, advanced learning can promote the plasticity of brain neurons. The research purposes of the present study were to explore the motivations of older adults in active aging engaging in AML (AML older adults), create learning contents for AML older adults, and to implement strategic applications following AML by older adults. The study method involved a semi-structured interview model and in-depth interviews with six learning members of an active-aging learning resource center for older adults. Motivations in older adults to engage in AML included: (1) worrying over declining memory and dementia concerns, (2) reducing work stress and adjusting work attitude, (3) engaging in more learning opportunities and practicing their cognitive skills, and (4) overcoming social isolation. Learning contents for AML older adults involved: (1) memorization, regular exercise, and memory improvement at the cognitive level, (2) concentration improvement, episodic memory, and image association content at the affective level, (3) methods for delaying aging, and (4) cognitive health maintenance lifestyles and dietary habits at the skill level. Strategic applications for everyday life of AML older adults included: (1) continuing to learn new knowledge and focusing on healthy diets at the knowledge level of everyday life applications, (2) staying happy and using sensory memory at the affective level of everyday life applications, and (3) resorting to recitations, repetition practices, and using associative learning at the skill level of everyday applications. This study then gives recommendations based on the conclusions.

並列關鍵字

older adults in active aging ； activate memory learning ； memory strategies ； cognitive applications ； older adults learning