琉球語音演變：以韓語文獻為主

本研究主旨在探討琉球語音在韓語文獻中的紀錄，並輔以漢語文獻中的紀錄。本研究以兩本韓語文獻為主，分別是十六世紀的《海東諸國紀》與十九世紀的《琉球‧呂宋漂海錄》。此外，亦加入當代二十世紀的語音紀錄《琉球語辞典》。分析方式以字表對比為主，先以十六世紀及十九世紀的文獻為比較基礎，揀選出相同詞彙，共有二十一詞項，之後再與二十世紀的紀錄對比。除韓語文獻以外，漢語文獻的語音紀錄亦列入考慮，兩種外語的對比關係可以發現整體的琉球語音變化，其中最重要的有八項變化，分別為t類子音的顎化現象、齒齦塞音塞擦音化、雙唇塞音擦音化、字中鼻音脫落、去鼻音化、子音混同(r與d)、中母音高化與後母音前化。根據這樣的對比可以看出，雖然韓語文獻所呈現的音韻變化，在數量上較漢語文獻來得少，但仍可反映出重要的音韻變化。

關鍵字

琉球語音演變；《海東諸國紀》；《琉球‧呂宋漂海錄》；字中鼻音脫落；中母音高化

並列摘要

This paper has two aims. It initially investigates sound changes of the Ryukyuan languages, Okinawan in particular, reflected in Korean sources, and then compares the sound changes in the Korean sources with those in Chinese sources. Two historical Korean sources are used in this paper: Haedong jegukgi (海東諸國紀) in the 16^(th) century and Ryukyu‧Luzong hyokairoku (琉球‧呂宋漂海錄) in the 19^(th) century. Besides, Ryukyugo jiten, a dictionary that reflects the phonological system in the 20^(th) century, is used as another reference point to illustrate the historical changes. The two Korean sources are compared in great detail. Entries that concurrently appear in the two sources are extracted and then made into a wordlist. In total, there are 21 entries. All the entries are used to explore the sound changes from the 16^(th) century to modern Ryukyuan. In addition to the sound changes based on the Korean sources, the sound changes of Ryukyuan according to Chinese sources are discussed. The comparison of Korean and Chinese sources suggests eight major sound changes: (a) palatalization of alveolar stops, (b) affrication of alveolar stops, (c) lenition of bilabial stops, (d) nasal deletion in word-middle position, (e) denasalization, (f) consonant confusion of r and d, (g) mid vowel raising, and (h) back vowel fronting. It is concluded that although Korean sources have fewer examples, they still preserve some representative sound changes.

並列關鍵字

Ryukyuan sound changes ； Haedong jegukgi ； Ryukyu‧Luzong hyokairoku ； nasal deletion ； mid vowel raising

國際替代計量

琉球語音演變：以韓語文獻為主

全文下載

主題瀏覽