探討針灸透穴刺法的臨床應用特殊效果

“透穴刺法”始見於《黃帝內經》，在《靈樞•官針》篇有九刺、十二刺、五刺等各種針法，其中“輸刺者，直入直出，稀發針而深之，以治氣盛而熱者也”，與後世的直針透刺、斜針透刺近似。“直針刺者，引皮乃刺之，以治寒氣之淺者也”，與近代的橫針透刺類似。“恢刺者，直刺旁之，舉之前後，恢筋急，以治筋痹也”及“合穀刺者，左右雞足，針於分肉之間，以取肌痹”，這兩種一針變換多個方向的刺法與現在的多向透刺法相近。《玉龍歌》：“偏正頭風痛難醫，絲竹空金針亦可施，沿皮向後透率穀，一針兩穴世間稀。”楊氏在注解中又補充了許多實例，如風池透風府或合穀透勞宮治偏正頭風。印堂透左右攢竹治小兒驚風。正式定名“透針”的是金代的竇默，他曾著《針經指南》，內有透針的提法，晉代葛洪著《肘後備急方》中就有記載：“救卒死屍厥方，爪切人中良久，又針人中至齒立起”。此為針刺人中透齦交治療卒中症的急救針法。透穴刺法是繼《內經》以後，毫針應用的一種新的特殊刺法。透穴刺法是用橫刺斜刺或直立深刺，讓毫針從一穴刺入，使針尖到達另一穴的部位，達到一針二穴或一針多穴的目的。本文經多年研究整理古代針灸文獻叢書發現透穴刺法，針感強，刺激大，對病程既能縮短又可療效顯著，可勘稱當今最有效針刺治病方法之一。

關鍵字

針灸透穴刺法；耳針透穴；頭針透穴；面針透穴；體針透穴；芒針透穴；手針透穴；舌針透穴

並列摘要

The earliest recorded documentation of ＂joining needling technique＂ can be found in The Yellow Emperor's Inner Cannon. Specifically, the ＂Magic Pivot, Using Needles＂ section where in the chapters ＂Nine Needles,＂＂Twelve Needles,＂ and ＂Five Needles＂ various needling techniques are described. For instance, this excerpt: ＂When transport point needling is applied enter straight and remove straight and insert deep for the treatment of exuberant qi with heat,＂ which directly correlates with modern perpendicular joining needling and oblique joining needling techniques. And there is also this excerpt: ＂When direct subcutaneous needling is applied needle along the skin for the treatment of shallow cold qi,＂ which directly correlates with modern transverse joining needling technique. ＂When waggle needling is applied along with perpendicular insertion lift the needle back and forth to soothe tension of the sinews for the treatment of impediment of the sinew＂ and ＂When needling He Gu manipulate the needle left and right like the shape of a chicken foot inserting to the seam of the flesh for treating muscle impediment.＂ These two needling techniques describe manipulation of the needle in multiple directions, which correlates with modern multidirectional needling. The Jade Dragon Song states: ＂For hemilateral medial head wind pain [medial headache], use a gold needle to needle Si Zhu Kong along the undersurface of the skin directing it back to join Shuai Gu; one needle needling two acupoints, a feat seldom seen.＂ In Yang's annotation he added many examples, such as Feng Chi joining Feng Fu or He Gu joining Lao Gong for the treatment of hemilateral medial head wind pain [medial headache], and Yin Tang joining the left and right Zan Zhu acupoints for the treatment of child fright wind. The actual term ＂joining needling＂ was coined by Dou Mo of the Jin Dynasty as he discusses in his book Guide to the Acupuncture Classics about the raising technique of joining needling; and in the Jin Dynasty Ge Hong wrote in his book Emergency Standby Remedies: ＂For remedying death-like reversal, nail-press Ren Zhong for a long duration and then needle from Ren Zhong to the point where the teeth begin.＂ This clearly describes the emergency resuscitation needling method Ren Zhong joining Yin Jiao for the treatment of sudden strike (stroke). The joining needling technique has endured the ages since The Yellow Emperor's Inner Cannon, and is now a special needling technique using modern filiform needles. Joining needling technique applies either transverse and oblique shallow needling or perpendicular deep needling. The filiform needle is inserted at one acupoint through to another acupoint, enabling one needle to join two or more acupoints. The needle sensation is strong and stimulation intense, providing exceptional efficacy, quickly relieving symptoms and remedying disease. It is unquestionably one of the most effective needling techniques now in practice today.