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抗日戰史融入武德教育的議題設定與研析

Chinese Anti-Japanese War and Military Virtues education curriculum

摘要


抗日戰史是「黃埔精神」、「軍人武德」的歷史根源,對中華民族的延續與台灣的歷史發展具有決定性的貢獻,可作為國軍官兵踵武前賢,繼志承烈的「典範性戰史」。為使抗戰精神內化於學生的心中,其具體可行而簡易的辦法就是將「抗日戰史」製成討論議題,融入相關通識課程之中。本論文擬定兩個討論議題:一、倫理學理論與八百壯士:運用「效益論」、「義務論」、「德行論」論證「八百壯士」的武德義理基礎與典範塑造。二、服從的道德(生死)困境之探析:從服從的概念與性質、生死的理念論證孫立人(滇緬作戰)、余程萬(常德會戰)、方先覺(衡陽保衛戰),面臨的情境、道德抉擇、結果與啟示。透過理論與抗日戰史例證的領悟,引領學生洞見困惑,明瞭服從的性質與「犧牲小我完成大我」的群體義意。

關鍵字

抗日戰史 武德 效益論 義務論 德行論 服從

並列摘要


Chinese Anti-Japanese War History is "Whampoa spirit"(Sacrifice, Unity, Responsibility ), the historical roots of "Military Virtue", and for the continuation of the historical development of the Chinese nation and Taiwan have a decisive contribution. As military professionals can learn, imitate their predecessors' Paradigmatic war history. In order to internalize the spirit of the war in the minds of students, and specific and feasible and effective method is to design Anti-Japanese War History of the topics for discussion, integration-related general education curriculum. This article develop two discussion topics: 1. Ethics theory and Eight Hundred Heroes. 2. Obedience and moral dilemmas. Students are expected to be able to comprehend the moral principles of significance, obedience.

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