醫學知識之建構：以嚼食檳榔跟口腔癌關係為例

The Construction of Medical Knowledge: A Case Based on the Relationship between Chewing Betel Nuts and Oral Cancer

張育齊 ； 張淑卿

《人文社會與醫療學刊》 5期 (2018/05) Pp. 115-148

摘要

近年來，不論是學校教育、報章雜誌或是衛生醫療單位的衛教單張等，均宣稱檳榔的危害，包含種植檳榔會破壞水土保持、隨地吐檳榔汁造成環境汙染、檳榔西施穿著暴露妨害風俗以及嚼食檳榔導致口腔癌等。其中，嚼食檳榔會造成口腔癌的觀念甚至深入人心。然而，嚼食檳榔的習俗在臺灣以及中國南方已存在數千年之久，檳榔不只可以建立或強化族群與文化認同，同時也具有特殊的文化意涵及價值。本文收集國內外有關嚼食檳榔和口腔癌關係之文獻資料、衛教宣傳單張、海報、法規等，使用文本分析法，以行動者網絡理論分析檳榔及口腔癌之關係在臺灣是如何建立，官方及學術界如何生産以及傳播此知識。最後，嘗試指出醫學衛生知識的生成、傳遞無法脫離社會脈絡。

關鍵字

檳榔 ； 口腔癌 ； 知識建構 ； 文本分析法 ； 行動者網絡理論

並列摘要

Recently, we have been taught about the hazard of betel nuts, as we known that chewing betel nuts might have high risk of getting oral cancer. Every time when it comes to betel nuts, the image of a distorted face caused by oral cancer will appear in our mind. According to statics shows, the habit of chewing betel nuts has been existed for thousands of years. In the past of Taiwan, aboriginal people did not only chew betel nuts as habit, but also use them as gifts; and in Hakka culture, only rich people could afford them. However, we can find that the perception of the betel nuts has changed dramatically. The information of this study has gathered from government official and hospitals, health education leaflets and posters which organize e by public health centers, clinics, hospitals and government. Textual analysis and actor-network theory (ANT) will used to analyze and explain what the association is between betel nuts and oral cancer, what authorities have been concerned and academia have been produced and propagated this knowledge. At last, this research tried to point out how close that the building and propagation of medical knowledge care related to the social contexts.

並列關鍵字

betel nuts ； oral cancer ； construction of Knowledge ； textual analysis ； actor-network theory