自主居家運動介入對社區衰弱前期高齡長者身體組成與四肢肌耐力之影響

由於高齡長者是衰弱的好發族群，近年來我國社區健康服務中心（原為衛生所）延續「運動就是一種護理介入（Exercise as a Nursing Intervention）」的概念，推動社區健康促進計畫，減緩社區高齡長者失能與衰弱，進而改善高齡長者的生活品質。本研究目的是探討短期自主居家運動介入對社區衰弱前期高齡長者之身體組成與四肢肌耐力之改善成效。研究方法採類實驗設計，並以立意取樣方式在臺北市南港區招募96位衰弱前期（SOF1分）高齡長者，全部參加12週系列健康促進講座外，並隨機分派至實驗組及控制組，實驗組分2組自主居家運動介入12週，每週3次，分別為有氧或肌力運動介入，控制組則維持原生活型態。受試者分別於介入前、後進行身體組成測量及四肢肌耐力檢測，檢測資料採共變數分析，推論分析三組前、後測改變量之差異比較。研究結果發現受試者平均年齡為73.84±5.03歲；運動介入後身體組成分析，顯示三組在『腰圍』達統計顯著差異（F=16.217, P ＜ 0.001），有氧組（M=78.548）顯著低於肌力組（M=81.236）及控制組（M=84.573）；其次，在四肢肌耐力分析，『走路速度』達統計顯著差異（F=7.079, p ＜ 0.001），有氧組（M=4.663）及肌力組（M=3.817）明顯優於控制組（M=7.73）。進一步分析實驗組之成效比較，有氧組在腰圍（t=7.62, P ＜ 0.001）、臀圍（t=3.242, P=0.003）、腰臀比（t=5.320, P ＜ 0.001）、骨骼肌肉量（t=2.116, P=0.042）等項目皆較肌力組改善且達統計顯著水準。本研究發現短期（12週）自主居家運動介入確實能改善社區衰弱前期高齡長者之身體組成及四肢肌耐力，期作為社區健康服務中心及醫院在推動長者健康樂齡運動課程之參考。

關鍵字

自主居家運動介入；社區高齡長者；衰弱前期；身體組成；四肢肌耐力

並列摘要

Background: Elderly is a high risk to become frailty and exercise intervention play a major role in managing control of sarcopenia. Hence, the purpose of this study is to follow up the concept of ＂Exercise as a Nursing Intervention＂, and investigate of the pre-frailty, in elderly Dwells and the effectiveness of home-based exercise intervention program. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study and purposive sampling is used to recruit 96 elderly from Nangang District Health Center, Taipei City, who are meet ＂pre-frailty through Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) frailty index. Therefore, they were randomness divided into three groups, aerobic exercise group (AG), muscle strength exercise group (MG) and control group (CG). SPSS for Window 18.0 software is applied ANCOVA test to examine the variance among groups of inferences analysis. Result: the average age of participants were 73.84±5.03 year. In anthropometry analysis, Wrist circle had significant different (F = 16.217, p = .001) between the group, hence, AG (M=78.548) and MG (M=81.236) show lower than the CC (M=84.573). Therefore, walking speed show statistic different (F = 7.079, p = .001). Either AG M=4.663) or MG (M=3.817) all show faster than CC (M=7.73). Indeed, AG had more positive significant effectiveness in anthropometry of waist circle (t=7.62, P ＜ 0.001), hip circle (t=3.242, P=0. 003), waist-hip ratio(t=5.320, P ＜ 0.001), muscle mass (t=2.116, P=0.042). Conclusion: Home-based exercise intervention can improve the anthropometry and muscle endurance of limb in community dweller pre-frailty elders. The findings also could be used as a reference in lecture, health performance activity or education for elderly in community center or long-term care facilities.

並列關鍵字

Home-Based Exercise Intervention ； Community-Dwelling ； Pre-Frailty ； Anthropometry ； Muscle Endurance of Limb

主題瀏覽