中年人運動參與動機量表之信度與效度分析

The Analysis of Reliability and Validity of Middle-Aged Persons' Exercise Participation Motivation Inventory

蔡英美(Ying-Mei Tsai) ； 王俊明(Junn-Ming Wang)

《國立體育學院論叢》 18卷1期 (2007/03) Pp. 23-38

https://doi.org/10.6591/JPES.2007.03.03

摘要

本研究主要目的在編製一份適合中年人使用的運動參與動機量表。本研究在編製過程分為二個階段：第一階段先以開放式問卷了解中年人參與運動的動機，並蒐集運動動機的相關文獻，將運動參與動機量表編製為38題。以570位台中市北屯區社區總體營造志工、中小學教職員工及社區守望相助隊中年人進行預試，採探索性因素分析進行初步量表的信、效度考驗。第二階段以西屯區、南屯區社區總體營造志工、愛心媽媽、社區守望相助隊359位中年人為研究對象，以驗證性因素分析考驗量表假設性測量模式與各分量表構面是否適配。研究結果發現：一、中年人參與運動的動機量表，經探索性因素分析後共獲得五個因素，分別是：心理需求（5題）、休閒（6題）、體重管理（4題）、社會需求（4題）、疾病預防（3題），共22題。各因素的Cronbach α值介於0.80~0.92之間，全量表累積解釋的變異量為59.67%，顯示本量表具有可接受的信度及效度。二、正式施測之驗證性因素分析顯示五個分量表分別代表五個不同的潛在變項，整個模式的適合度均具有可接受的適合度。此量表未來將有助於了解中年人的運動參與動機，尤其是可從各分量表來了解中年人的運動參與需求。

關鍵字

信度 ； 效度 ； 驗證性因素分析

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to develop an Exercise Participation Motivation Inventory for middle-aged persons. There were two stages of the developing process. At the first stage, the researcher offered opened questionnaire for middle-aged persons to list the factors of exercise participation motivation and collected some related literature for the reference to develop 38 items. There were 570 middle-age participants drawn from Tai-Chung city for the first-stage study. All the items were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and item analysis and got 22 formal items. At the second stage, there were 359 middle-aged participants. The collected data was analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis to test whether the model and the dimensions fitted or not. The results were as the following: There were five dimensions of the inventory: psychological needs (5 items), leisure (6 items), weight management (4 items), social needs (4 items) and prevention of disease (3 items). The Cronbach's α were ranged from 0.80 to 0.92, and the cumulated variance of the total inventory was 59.67%. The inventory had acceptable reliability and validity. The results of confirmatory factory analysis showed that the five subscales represented five latent variables. The goodness of this model was acceptable. The inventory could be used to understand middle-aged persons' exercise participation motivation. Especially, according to the sub-scales of the inventory, we could know middle-aged persons' exercise participation needs

並列關鍵字

reliability ； validity ； confirmatory factor analysis

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