大專運動員之運動員認同、社會支持、生涯信念及生涯發展之研究

Athletic Identity, Social Support, Career Belief and Career Development of College Athletes in Taiwan

張富鈞(Fu-Chun Chang) ； 許玫琇(Mei-Hsiu Hsu) ； 劉兆達(Jau-Da Liu)

《臺灣體育學術研究》 59期 (2015/12) Pp. 1-20

https://doi.org/10.6590/TJSSR.2015.12.01

摘要

目的：一是比較不同運動成績及不同層級運動賽事大專運動員之運動員認同、社會支持、生涯信念及生涯發展；二是瞭解大專運動員之生涯發展預測情形。方法：問卷調查法，對象為大專運動員308位（男性209位、女性99位），工具為大專運動員之運動員認同、社會支持、生涯信念及生涯發展量表，資料分析為描述性統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、Pearson積差相關及階層迴歸。結果：一、不同運動成績之運動員認同、師長支持、家人支持及生涯探索有顯著差異，不同層級運動賽事之運動員認同有顯著差異；二、以運動員認同、社會支持及生涯信念對大專運動員生涯發展之預測力最高。結論：一、優秀大專運動員之運動員認同、生涯探索高於一般運動員；優秀大專運動員之師長支持、家人支持低於一般運動員。二、大專運動員之運動員認同，可透過社會支持及生涯信念等中介變項預測其生涯發展。未來應加強優秀運動員之社會支持，並瞭解其運動訓練及課業壓力之關係。

關鍵字

運動員行為 ； 運動訓練 ； 運動競賽 ； 運動成績

並列摘要

Purposes of this study were to compare the athletic identity, social support, career belief, and career development of the college athletes by athletic performance and athletic events, and to predict the career development of them. The subjects were 308 college athletes (male= 209、 female= 99) in 4 universities in Taiwan. The method was the questionnaire, and the instrument was the scales of athletic identity, career beliefs, social supports and career development for college athletes. Those data were analyzed by descriptive statistic, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson Correlation and Hierachical regressions. Results were as in the follows: a) the athletic identity, instructor support, family support, and career exploration of them were significantly different by athletic performance. In addition, the athletic identity of them was significantly different by athletics event. Furthermore, the athletic identity, social support and career belief of the college athletes can powerfully predict the career development of them. In conclusion, the scores of athletic identity, and career exploration of the elite college athletes were higher than them of the general college athletes. In addition, the scores of instructor support and family support of the elite college athletes were lower than them of the general college athletes. Furthermore, the athletic identity, social support and career belief of the college athletes can directly predict the career development of them. It advised that the elite college athletes needed to enhance the social support, and to understand the sport training and academic stress of them.

並列關鍵字

athlete behavior ； sport training ； athletic competition ； sport performance

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