建構具生態學模式之樂齡者宜居樂活社區之永續發展

林恩賜 ； 程瑞福

《休閒運動期刊》 19期 (2020/12) Pp. 21-33

摘要

隨著社會經濟的發展其整體社會人口結構亦隨之改變，青壯人口因就業機會問題，不得不湧入大都會生活，使得鄉村的人口老化更為嚴重；內政部在2018年3月宣佈我國已進入高齡社會（老人人口佔14%），預估我國將在2025年進入超高齡社會（佔20%以上）。因此，基於大學教師社會責任之職責及本身專業使然，擬對蒜香麻園社區關懷據點之樂齡者未雨綢繆，落實具生態學模式之樂齡者宜居樂活社區，期望鄉村得以永續發展。本文所應用之生態學模式係以Sallies等在2006年所提出四面向活躍生活生態學模式，經績效優良的蒜香麻園社區關懷據點之營運，瞭解從事身體活動的原因和影響個體身體活動的主要因素。利用質性研究之訪談法、觀察法及日記，收集參與活動理念與核心價值，結果發現：1.成員均能同舟共濟、相依相偎、無怨無悔的付出，經營及支持社區關懷據點的向心力強，敦親睦鄰、拓展人際關係是該懷據點能建立社區宜居樂活永續之主要因素。2.生態學模式多元性活動專業課程，豊富成員的知識、提高學習樂趣、創新社區宜居樂活新環境，達到心身靈滿足的全人健康。3.成員達到提升健康體適能、紓解壓力、滿足高層次心理需求，提升生活品質的目標。

關鍵字

生態學模式 ； 樂齡者 ； 樂活社區 ； 永續發展

並列摘要

The demographic structure of society is changed because of social and economic development. Young adult population in rural areas are forced to leave their hometown and to seek jobs in metropolitan areas. Rural population aging issues are getting serious. In 2018, the Ministry of Interior pointed out that Taiwan's social and demographic pattern has officially entered the ＂old age society＂. (the proportion of the elderly population exceeded 14%). Taiwan is going to be an super-aged society in 2026 (the proportion of the elderly population exceeded 20%). The author of this study took social responsibility and used his profession to help the elderly of Suan-Hsiang Ma-Yuan Community Care Center in Cihtong Township. The Community- Ecological Model for the Elderly in Livable and LOHAS Community was conducted, and a sustainable village was developed. The study applied the frameworks of Community- Ecological Model which was published in 2006 by Sallies. The reasons and key factors affecting physical activity of elderly in Suan-Hsiang Ma-Yuan Community were discovered. Observation and interview survey in qualitative research and diary were used to collect the ideas and core value from elderly. The findings are as below: 1. The concept of helping and benefiting each other support the elderly of community creates spontaneity and sacrifice. Good-Neighborliness and improvement of friendship are the key factors of successfully creating livable and LOHAS Community 2. Diversity of Professional Courses of Community- Ecological Model educated the elderly with fun. LOHOS new environment of innovative community and holistic Health lifestyle of mental, physical, and spiritual well-being were achieved. 3. Physical Fitness, work stress relief, mental satisfaction, and Improvement of Life Qualities were achieved.

並列關鍵字

Community- Ecological Model ； Elderly ； LOHOS Community ； Sustainable Development